Using stored images, each of the measurement techniques is highly reproducible. Both the two-line and the tracing methods yield larger measurements than the single-line technique. Therefore, it appears that in select cases the straight line measurement significantly underestimates the actual cervical length.

The CENDARI infrastructure is a research supporting platform designed to provide tools for transnational historical research, focusing on two topics: Medieval culture and World War I. It exposes to the end users modern web-based tools relying on a sophisticated infrastructure to collect, enrich, annotate, and search through large document corpora. Supporting researchers in their daily work is a novel concern for infrastructures. We describe how we gathered requirements through multiple methods to understand the historians' needs and derive an abstract workflow to support them. We then outline the tools we have built, tying their technical descriptions to the user requirements. The main tools are the Note Taking Environment and its faceted search capabilities, the Data Integration platform including the Data API, supporting semantic enrichment through entity recognition, and the environment supporting the software development processes throughout the project to keep both technical partners and researchers in the loop. The outcomes are technical together with new resources developed and gathered, and the research workflow that has been described and documented.

This article introduces a frame of reference for understanding the fundamental challenges that inform digital humanities as an interdisciplinary research area between arts, humanities, information, and computer science. Its conclusions are based upon the evidence base developed within an EU-funded collaboration known as Knowledge Complexity, or KPLEX for short (www.kplex-project.eu), in particular via the project’s thirty-eight linked interviews about big data research. When viewed from the perspective of the digital humanities, five distinct points of ‘aporia’ with a significant impact on digital humanities (DH) appear in this corpus, places where the interviewees explicitly or tacitly expose gulfs between the epistemic cultures that contribute to DH and that create tensions between these disciplines, even as they seek to collaborate. This article will explore these areas of apparent irreconcilability, and conclude with a series of reflections on how digital humanities researchers might build upon their unique competency profile to negotiate within these critical conversations, in particular in the framework of the emerging subfield of critical digital humanities.

This study examines paratexts and images in works of primatology. In order to classify generic traits of primatographical publications, all paratexts, images and narrative positions of a large corpus of such monographs were registered. The analysis of these data allows for the determination of three distinct genres: scientific books, illustrated books and autobiographical/popular science books. The paratexts also reveal the strategies employed in the presentation of the books: They address a lay public, underline scientific objectivity or generate authenticity. The form of the texts indicate the audiences that the books address and enact an intimate relationship between non-human primates and human beings. Images showing researchers in close contact with non-human primates as well as paratexts addressing monkeys or calling for their preservation and conservation embed these field studies within a Christian iconography, invoke the life of saints or martyrs and appeal to the empathy of the readership.

A program of investigations is outlined and the results of the first three years' work reported. Eight wheat varieties, differing widely in resistance to stem rust, showed no corresponding differences in the physico-chemical properties of their expressed tissue-fluids. The infection of susceptible varieties was in some cases reduced by administering extracts of resistant varieties in petri-dish cultures or by direct injection into inoculated leaves. The injection of the juice of infected leaves into healthy leaves failed to demonstrate the presence of any toxin excreted by the fungus. The injection of salicylic acid, catechol or vanillin in suitable concentrations frequently caused a reduction in infection. These phenolic compounds in very low concentrations stimulated the growth of Helminthosporium sativum, but at higher concentrations inhibited it. The same phenols inhibited the germination of rust spores. On filtered wheat-juice rust spores also failed to germinate, though on unfiltered juice they germinated normally.