This study evaluates sexual dimorphism in mesiodistal diameter, enamel thickness and dentin thickness of the permanent posterior mandibular dentition in order to gain a better understanding of variation in mesiodistal tooth size. The results relate to a sample of 59 males and 39 females, 20-35 years of age. Bitewing radiographs of the right permanent mandibular premolars and molars were illuminated and transferred at a fixed magnification to a computer via a video camera. Enamel and dentin landmarks were identified and digitized on the plane representing the maximum mesiodistal diameter of each tooth. The results showed significant sex differences (p < 0.01) in mesiodistal diameter favouring males over females. Dimorphism was more pronounced for the molars than for the premolars. Enamel thickness, which is 0.4-0.7 mm greater for the molars than premolars, shows no significant sex differences. Dentin is significantly thicker in males than females, and is 3.5-4.0 mm thicker in molars than premolars. It is concluded that sexual dimorphism in mesiodistal tooth sizes is due to differences in dentin thickness and not enamel thickness.
The purpose of the study was to evaluate differences in dental arch morphology among an orthodontic sample of 386 untreated adult females between 17 and 68 years of age, categorized by age group (17-25 years, 26-35 years, or 35+ years) and malocclusion (Class I, Class II division 1, or Class II division 2). The results show that both maxillary and mandibular dental arch size were significantly larger for the younger age group. Arch shape was relatively shorter and wider for the oldest age group. Palatal height was greatest for the youngest age group and least for the oldest group. Subjects with Class II malocclusion had significantly smaller arches, greater maxillary incisor irregularity, and less mandibular incisor irregularity than patients with Class I malocclusion. Subjects with Class II division 1 malocclusion had greater palatal heights and relatively longer/narrower maxillary dental arches than subjects with Class II division 2 malocclusion.
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