An intense electron-beam accelerator, which consists of a primary storage capacitor system, a magnetic core Tesla transformer, Blumlein pulse forming line of water dielectric, and a field-emission diode, are constructed and described. The experimental results show that the output voltage of transformer is more than 740 kV, the rise time is about 5 μs, the diode voltage is about 596 kV, electron beam current is about 60 kA, the duration is about 100 ns, and the power is 36 GW when charging voltage is 40 kV. It was suitable to drive magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator. And it can be also used in materials surface modification. This accelerator is very compact and works stably and reliably.
To avoid serious damage in the pulse forming line (PFL) caused by repeated breakdown, a simple feedback control method based on a reverse peak voltage of the primary capacitor of the transformer is presented in this paper. The theoretical analysis of the breakdown circuit is carried out. The results indicate that once the breakdown occurs, the reverse peak voltage of the primary capacitor of the transformer increases obviously. A simple comparison function is added in the control system of the accelerator. If the collected reverse peak voltage of the primary capacitor is higher than the reference value, then the accelerator stops working immediately. The experimental result shows that this method can prevent the re-breakdown of the PFL effectively.
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