Heterogeneous polymerization was employed to prepare macroporous copolymers from glycidyl methacrylate with ethylene dimethacrylate. Conditions of the formation of the macroporous structure were defined (content of the crosslinking agent, portion of the inert phaF, stirring intensity), and properties of the copolymers prepared, such as specific surface, pore volume, heat resistance, and content of reactive epoxy groups, were studied. This polymer reacts even under moderate conditions with both mineral and carboxylic acids, amines, amino acids, etc. The resulting polymers find wide applications.
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG:Durch eine heterogene Polymerisation wurden Copolymere aus Glycidylmethacrylat und Athylendimethacrylat hergestellt. Dabei wurden auch die Bedingungen fur die Bildung von Gelen mit permanenter Porositat (Vernetzungsmittelkonzentration, Menge der Inertkomponenten, Ruhrunggeschwindigkeit) und die Eigenschaften der hergestellten Copolymeren, wie z. B. innere Oberflache, Porenvolumen, Temperaturbestandigkeit und Gehalt an reaktionsfahigen Epoxygruppen, untersucht. Die Copolymeren reagieren unter milden Bedingungen mit Carbonsauren, Mineralsauren, Aminen und Aminosauren, was sie fur eine technische Verwendung geeignet erscheinen 1aWt.
SYNOPSISAn investigation was made of polymer-analogous reactions of the epoxide ring bound to the polymer chain with a number of agents such as amines, diamines, hydroxyamines, carboxylic acids, phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide, thiourea, etc. The polymers used were homogeneous or slightly reticular gels. All reactions were considerably affected by the type and thermodynamic quality of the solvent. Reactions with the amino compounds were greatly dependent on their basicity and on the size of the alkyl groups. By using diamines one can obtain a material containing free amino groups capable of further reactions. A sufficiently high conversion of the reaction of the epoxide group with carboxylic and mineral acids could be achieved only in an anhydrous medium. In other media acid-catalyzed hydrolysis predominated, along with the required addition reaction. If the reaction mixture was treated with thiourea and then left to react with hydrogen sulphide, a polymer gel was formed containing two vicinal thio groups able to bind heavy metals.The reactions described show that the epoxide group bound in the copolymer allows a number of reactions which lead to products with properties markedly different from the starting material.
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