Literatureo ne lectroless Ni-P deposition, in recent decades, has dwelled primarily on surface engineering and corrosion-resistant applications. By contrast, we havemany researcharticles devoted to the engineering aspects of the electroless Ni-P depositions and their technology. The present article deals with the development of electroless Ni-P bath,a dvantages and mechanisms of deposition, and applications of the Ni-P deposits. We also present acomparison of the properties of electroless Ni-P and Ni-B as well as the recent developments in nickel-phosphorous research. We attempt to review these in ad etailed manner.W ea lso briefly discuss the future developments of electroless Ni-P.
The constitutive equations of MEE materials are used to derive the finite element equations involving the coupling between mechanical, electrical and magnetic fields. The candidate materials for this study are piezoelectric (BaTiO3) and magnetostrictive (CoFe2O4) material. The linear buckling and vibration behavior of layered MEE beam under uniform magnetic field is carried out using finite element method. The present study is limited to clamped-clamped boundary conditions. The influence of stacking sequences and piezoelectric coupling on critical buckling magnetic field and vibration behaviour is investigated.
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