SUMMARYGrid technology and ICT-based infrastructures play a crucial role in the development of transnational multi-disciplinary collaborations and allow scientists to share a wide range of distributed computational resources, regardless of their geographical location, and address new global scientific challenges. Till now, the strict security policy requested in order to access distributed computing resources has been a limiting factor when trying to broaden the adoption of Grids by wide communities of users. There is a steep learning curve to climb before starting to gain some benefits from this new technology. Grid security is indeed based on the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) of X.509 certificate although the procedure to get and manage those certificates is unfortunately not straightforward. A first step to make Grids more appealing for new users has recently been achieved with the adoption of robot certificates. In this paper, the solution proposed by the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics to go through the complexity of Grid security and allow bioinformaticians to perform large-scale Bayesian Phylogenetic analyses on the Grid by means of a web portal enabled by a robot certificate is presented.
The desire to have intuitive, seamless 3D interaction fuels research exploration into new approaches to 3D interaction. However, within these explorations we continue to rely on Brunelleschi's perspective for display and map the interactive control space directly into it without much thought on the effect that this default mapping has. In contrast, there are many possibilities for creating 3D interaction spaces, thus making it important to run user studies to examine these possibilities. Options in mapping the control space to the display space for 3D interaction have previously focused on the manipulation of control-display ratio or gain. In this paper, we present a conceptual framework that provides a more general control-display description that includes mappings for flip, rotation, skew, as well as scale(gain). We conduct a user study to explore 3D selection and manipulation tasks in three of these different mappings in comparison to the commonly used mapping (perspective mapping of control space to a perspective display). Our results show interesting differences between interactions and user preferences in these mappings and indicate that all may be considered viable alternatives. Together this framework and study open the door to further exploration of 3D interaction variations.
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Applications running in multi-tenant IaaS clouds increasingly require networked compute resources, which may belong to several clouds hosted in multiple data-centers. To accommodate these applications network virtualization is necessary, not only for isolation between tenants, but also for inter-cloud connectivity and efficient allocation and utilization of network resources. Data-centers currently deploy a variety of technologies to implement virtual networks. None of these, however, possess the automated configuration facilities needed to instantiate the intricate network structures required by IaaS cloud applications.In this paper we present NRS, a system developed at Nikhef that manages the data-center network to form virtual networks; these are provided on-demand to an IaaS cloud, thereby enabling Network-as-a-Service. NRS uses a central network controller approach that combines existing network technologies to provision isolated intra-and interdata-center virtual networks, while attempting to utilize the underlying physical network in an optimal fashion.
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