The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of irreversible electroporation (ire) and the outcome of patients undergoing ire of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (Pc). twenty-one patients with unresectable Pc underwent open (n=19) or percutaneous (n=2) ire of the tumor using the Nanoknife system with two electrodes that were repositioned several times to affect the whole mass. The size of the tumor was 39±10mm with a range from 21 to 65mm. Five patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and seven patients were treated with chemotherapy after ire. complications occurred in five patients, which resulted in prolongation of the average hospital stay from 10 to 34 days. There was no mortality in the first postoperative month. median survival after ire was 10.2 months compared to 9.3 months in a matched cohort (hazard ratio = .54, p = .053). The quality of life was declining slowly. 81% of time after ire the Karnofsky performance status was ≥70 and sharp decline occurred approximately 8 weeks before death.in conclusion, ire is a safe palliative treatment option for a percentage of patients with locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma. The patients treated with open ire lived a decent life until 8 weeks before their death. We believe that ire of pancreatic carcinoma can be regarded as an option, if imaging or explorative laparotomy show that r0 resection in not possible.

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Closures in the splanchnic venous system (SVS) represent a broad medical problem. Anatomically, individual or even multiple sections of SVS may be affected at the same time. Main sections of SVS include the venous liver outflow system, the portal vein, and the upper mesenteric vein and its basin. Thrombosis is clearly the predominant cause of closure. The closures can present as acute, subacute, chronic occult or chronic manifest. The main pathological and anatomical units are the Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS), extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) and mesenteric vein thrombosis (MVT). Advanced laboratory, imaging and intervention methods substantially modify the approach to prevention, diagnosis and treatment; surgical approach also plays a role. The problem of SVS closures is interdisciplinary.

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