Four new species of /nga, /. allenii^ I. mortoniana, I. squamigera and 7. tenuipeduncu' lata, are described among 56 recognized from Central America and the West Indies. The species are divided into three sections with the largest sect. Inga further segregated into 13 series many of which are reported as new.Among the tropical American Leguminosae, the genus Inga Scop, is outstanding in the number and complexity of its species. Although Central America is at the northern extreme of their geographic distribution, the many endemics and the intense cultivation of some species make this area particularly interesting for a monographic study. An attempt of this kind was made by Pitticr (Jour. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 13: 117-177, 1929) composed revision of the genus (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 173-224, 1916). Pittier dealt with the Central American species as a unit independent of the South American group; this fact and his inadequate herbarium representation, as well as the unnecessary creation of new series, restrict the general usefulness of his monographs. The only other treatment for the whole area was by Britton & Rose (N. Amer. Fl. 23: 2-16, 1928) which, as pointed out elsewhere (Schery, Ann. Missouri Bot. Card. 37: 189, 1950), is of limited use. Britton & Killip (Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 35: 110-124, 1936) studied the Mimosaceae of Colombia and their work is important in relation to the Panamanian species. ^ Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Washington University in affiliation with the Missouri Botanical Garden.
. lgamez@ula.ve * Autor para correspondencia. RESUMENLa familia Asteraceae es una de las más ricas en Venezuela. Pentacalia es el género con mayor cantidad de especies dentro de la misma y su principal área de distribución corresponde a los estados Mérida, Táchira y Trujillo. A pesar de su importancia, son pocos los estudios de anatomía xilemática para Pentacalia. El objetivo de este trabajo es la descripción anatómica de la madera de ocho especies de Pentacalia: P. cachacoensis, P. greenmaniana, P. imbricatifolia, P. mason-halei, P. pachypus, P. quirorana, P. reflexa y P. venezuelensis con el fin de encontrar caracteres útiles para su identificación. Las muestras fueron colectadas en los páramos de los estados Táchira y Mérida y en selva nublada de Mérida. La preparación del material se hizo utilizando los procedimientos de microtecnia xilemática y la descripción se realizó de acuerdo a lo estipulado por la asociación internacional de anatomistas de la madera. Las especies se pueden separar en dos grupos de acuerdo a la presencia o ausencia de estructura estratificada y dentro de cada grupo se pueden establecer diferencias con base en caracteres cualitativos y, en algunos casos, es necesario separar con base en caracteres cuantitativos. Sólo P. pachypus y P. venezuelensis no se pudieron separar utilizando características anatómicas de la madera.Palabras clave. Engrosamientos espiralados, estructura estratificada, taxonomía, xilema secundario. ABSTRACTThe family Asteraceae is one of the most diverse in Venezuela. Pentacalia is the genus with the highest number of species in the family and its principal distribution area is in Mérida, Táchira and Trujillo states. In spite of its importance, there are few studies about wood anatomy for Pentacalia. The aim of this research was describe the wood anatomy of eight species of Pentacalia: P. cachacoensis, P. greenmaniana, P. imbricatifolia, P. masonhalei, P. pachypus, P. quirorana, P. reflexa and P. venezuelensis to find useful features for identification. Samples were collected in andean paramos of Mérida and Táchira states and cloudy forest in Mérida state. Samples were prepared using standard procedures of xylem microtechnique and description was made according international association of wood anatomists. Species studied can be separated in two groups according the presence or absence of storied structure and in each group, we found differences in qualitative features and, in some cases, is necessary the separation using quantitative features. Only P. pachypus and P. venezuelensis can not be separated using wood anatomical features.
RESUMEN-En Cuba no existen antecedentes sobre cómo abordar de forma integrada la producción de madera para aserrío y la retención de carbono. Se establecieron 30 parcelas temporales de 500 m 2 en plantaciones de Pinus caribaea Morelet var. caribaea Barret y Golfari en la región de Tope de Collantes, ubicada en el macizo montañoso de Guamuhaya, provincia Sancti Spiritus, Cuba; en ellas se midieron el diámetro normal (d 1,30), la altura total y el grosor de corteza por árbol (GCa), calculando el volumen total con corteza por árbol (VTcca), el rendimiento por hectárea (R) y la retención de carbono (C). Se analizaron las tendencias de variación de estas variables con el espaciamiento manteniendo fijos los efectos sitio y edad primero y confundiendo el efecto sitio dentro del efecto espaciamiento después. En todos los casos el d 1,30 y el VTcca presentaron tendencias ascendentes con el aumento del espaciamiento, en tanto que el GCa, el R y el C presentaron tendencias descendentes, sugiriendo que para combinar la producción de madera para aserrío con la retención de carbono, resulta conveniente identificar un espaciamiento de compromiso entre ambas variables, que para esta especie y en estas condiciones resultó ser de 990 árboles*ha-1 , equivalente a 3,2 m x 3,2 m. Palabras clave: carbono; madera; espaciamiento; Pinus caribaea. ABSTRACT-In Cuba there are no precedents about how to manage wood plantations for sawmill, together with carbon retention. There were used 30 temporal plots (500 m 2 each) in plantations of Pinus caribaea M. var. caribaea B. & G. in Tope de Collantes, region of Cuban south-centre mountains in Sancti Spiritus province. In each plot were measured normal diameter (d 1,30), total height and bark thickness by tree, and then it was calculated total volume with bark per tree, yield per hectare and carbon retention in order to analyse variation tendencies of those variables with spacing, using first as fixed effects site and age and then, confounding site effect within spacing. In all cases normal diameter and total volume with bark per tree had increasing tendencies with respect to spacing, while bark thickness by tree, yield per hectare and carbon retention presented decreasing ones. Those results suggest that for an adequate combination of wood production for sawmill together with carbon retention, it would be convenient to establish a compromise spacing between both variables, which for that species and site conditions was 990 trees per hectare, equivalent to 3,2 m x 3,2 m.
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