These results revealed that fasting and 2-hr plasma glucose levels, as well as the proinsulin/insulin ratio before transplantation, are both possible indicators of beta-cell dysfunction and may be predictors for the development of PTDM. Furthermore, beta-cell dysfunction, rather than insulin resistance, was proven to be the main factor for the pathogenesis of PTDM.

From these results, we conclude that urinary phyto-oestrogens, especially enterolactone and apigenin, are related to BMD in Korean postmenopausal women. Our results also suggest the possibility that phyto-oestrogens have differential effects on bone density. Further studies are needed to clarify the exact biological roles of phyto-oestrogenic components on bone metabolism.

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