The displacement of beating heart for positioning during anastomosis of the graft to OM artery caused significant derangement of RV function and decrease in CO. A thermodilution catheter continuously measuring the CO and RVEF was useful to monitor the change in RV function and volume during OPCAB.

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These results support the concept that early metabolic abnormalities, as reflected by a decreased GDR (insulin sensitivity) in the offspring of T2DM patients, may be improved by increased physical fitness.