A description is given of organa genitalia feminina of the beaver, Castor fiber L. It was found that cervix uteri has two canales cervicis and the other paired parts of the uterus are not differentiated into corpus and cornua. The long vagina runs to the rear into a strongly developed vestibulum vaginae, opening together with the rectum into pseudocloaca. Vestibulum vaginae has the large diverticula lateralia vestibuli vaginae characteristic of this species, termed praeputial »glands«, in which castoreum is secreted.
The method was developed for the quantitative determining of plant components of the rodent stomach contents. Small fragments of vegetative parts and seeds of several plant species were mixed in known weight proportions and diluted using 0.04 ml of water for 1 mg oi the mixture. After thoroughful mixing the area occupied by all plant fragments seen in the microscopic field was determined using the eye-piece grid dividing the field into 144 squares. From each mixture 10 slides were made and on each slide the surface of fragments was determined in 10 microscopic fields. The area occupied by all plant species was considered 100% and the per cent of area occupied by every component was calculated. In all cases the difference between calculated and the actual weight was not significant. The results indicate that this method can be used for quantitative analysis of rodent stomach contents.
The variability in the mandible dimensions has been investigated in bats of the genus Plecotus Geoffroy, 1818 from Central Europe. The material consisted of 100 individuals of P. auritus and 100 individuals of P. austriacus. The variability in the mandible length appeared to be relatively low in both species (Cv = 3.41-3.99), whereas that in the height of the ramus mandibulae was slightly higher (Cu = 4.93-8.62). For both species the common values of the measurements of the mandible length are found in 10.8-11.0 mm classes, which contain 4 per cent of P. auritus and 18 per cent of P. austriacus. As to the height of the ramus mandibulae, the common range for both species falls to the 3.2 mm class (3 per cent of P. auritus and 4 per cent of P. austriacus). A complete separation of both species can be done by simultaneous comparison of two dimensions using the diagram of their correlation considering morphological characteristics of the mandible. This method may find practical application in indentifying fossil materials or those in owl pellets.
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