A survey of the regional snow accumulation variability on Spitsbergen, Svalbard, was canied out during three field campaigns in May 1997. The survey was carried out along three trnnsects from west-to-east approximately at the following latitudes: 77"30', 78" and 78"50' degrees north. The altitudes span fi-om sea level to 1000 metres elevation. Snow depth was measured with two different ground-penetrating radar systems, PulsEKKO (450 MHz) and GSSI SIR System-2 (500 MHz), pulled behind sncw machines. Snow characteristics such as snow temperature, snow density and stratigraphy were measured in snow pits in nine areas, three along each transect. Our data suggest the following: (1) the accumulation-elevation gradients vary from 3 m d 1 0 0 m in the northeast to 237 mm/IOO minthe central-south with anaveragevalue of 104mm/100 m for all measurements: (2) snow accumulation was 38 to 49% higher at the eastern coast than at the western coast: (3) a clear minimum in accumulation (or continental climate) is seen for the central (inland) locations in the middle and noahern transects while no such minimum exists along the southern transect; (4) a south-to-north gradient produces 55% and 40% less snow accumulation at the northern locations compared to the southern locations at the western and eastern coasts, respectively. These drops in winter snow accumulation occur over a distance of less than 200 h.
[1] In this paper we present some recently developed time series analysis methods. Further, we apply these methods to a suite of climatological and synthetic time series. We show what information (or statistical significance) that can be drawn from such time series and which otherwise, i.e. by simpler methods, would be difficult to extract. We conclude by recommending the use of advanced statistical time series analysis for a wide range of applications connected to studies of climate variability and climate change.
A survey of the regional snow accumulation variability on Spitsbergen, Svalbard, was carried out during three field campaigns in May 1997. The survey was carried out along three transects from west‐to‐east approcimately at the following latitudes: 77°30′, 78° and 78°50’degrees north. The altitudes span from sea level to 1000 metres elevation. Snow depth was measured with two different ground‐penetrating radar systems, PulsEKKO (450 MHz) and GSSI SIR System‐2 (500 MHz), pulled behind snow machines. Snow characteristics such as snow temperature, snow density and stratigraphy were measured in snow pits in nine areas, three along each transect. Our data suggest the following: (1)the accumulation‐elevation gradients vary from 3 mm/100 m in the northeast to 237 mm/100 min the central‐south with an average value of 104 mm/100m for all measurements: (2)snow accumulation was 38 to 49% higher at the eastern coast than at the western coast; (3) a clear minimum in accumulation (or continental climate) is seen for the central (inland) locations in the middle and northern transects while no such minimum exists along the southern transect; (4) a south‐to‐north gradient produces 55% and 40% less snow accumulation at the northern locations compared to the southern locations at the western and eastern coasts, respectively. These drops in winter snow accumulation occur over a distance of less than 200 km.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.