Diptera were caught from 1989 to 1992 on an arable field using emergence traps. Since 1982 the field had been subdivided into four plots (1 0 -I,) treated with increasing amounts of pesticides and inorganic fertilizer (1 1 -I,), or no pesticide and only a minimum of fertilizer (1 0 ). There was a crop rotation of sugar beet (1989 and 1992), winter wheat (1990) and winter barley (1991 ). In addition to the field catches, dead leaves sampled before harvest and crop residues were kept in laboratory emergence traps, as well as droppings of mice and hares, which had been exposed in the field, to obtain Diptera whose larvae develop in these substrates. More than 30 species belonging to 15 families were thus reared, most of them from sugar beet substrates. The highest numbers of individuals were reached by Sciaridae, particularly the species Lycoriella fucorum (FREY, 1948), which developed in every kind of substrate. Some of the other species were more or less restricted to one substrate. The results of the field catches show that in the sugar beet crop the emergence rates of the most abundant species of Sciaridae and Phoridae, as well as the family Cecidomyiidae, decreased with increasing rates of agrochemical usage. In the cereal crops, the reactions of these taxa to increasing input of pesticide and fertilizer were more diverse. This is also true for the most abundant species of Drosophilidae and Hybotidae for all crops.
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