Because of their random nature, rates of locomotion of polymorphonuclear neu trophils (PMN) can only be measured by direct, visual techniques that will take into account the multidirectional pathway which they follow. Few such studies have been performed, and data relating the effects of temperature and pH to the rate of locomotion of PMN observed by direct, visual techniques are incomplete and were performed several decades ago with elementary methods (1-3). As a result, Qlo values available for this biological process are fragmentary (4).The purpose of the present study was to obtain more extensive data on the subject with up-to-date techniques to determine to what extent temperature and pH affect, over a wide range, the rate of locomotion of PMN. Such measurements could also be compared with those performed by the indirect technique using the migration of leukocytes through Millipore filters (5).Methods. A special system ( Fig. 1) was designed to study PMN under conditions of a constant microenvironment. This system comprises two parts: a series of equilibrating tonometers (Eschweiler) and a microobservation chamber in communication with the latter. The equilibrating tonometers (volume: 15 ml) are immersed in a constant temperature bath. They are connected through humidifiers to gas mixtures of known concentrations of 0 2 , N2 and C02. The observation chamber is made of a glass slide and a cover slip sealed with resin and connected with two polyethylene tubes (0.5-mm i.d.). One of
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