Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked associated proteins. A greater amount of dystrophin recessive muscle disease characterized by a lack of dysreplacement occurred in mdx muscle following transplantrophin expression. Myoblast transplantation and gene tation of mdx myoblasts isolated from a transgenic mouse therapy have the potential of restoring dystrophin, thus overexpressing dystrophin suggesting that engineering decreasing the muscle weakness associated with this disautologous myoblasts to express high amounts of dystroease. In this study we present data on the myoblast phin might be beneficial. The ex vivo approach possesses mediated ex vivo gene transfer of full-length dystrophin to attributes that make it useful for gene transfer to skeletal mdx (dystrophin deficient) mouse muscle as a model for muscle including: (1) creating a reservoir of myoblasts capautologous myoblast transfer. Both isogenic primary mdx able of regenerating and restoring dystrophin to dystrophic myoblasts and an immortalized mdx cell line were transmuscle; and (2) achieving a higher level of gene transfer duced with an adenoviral vector that has all viral coding to dystrophic muscle compared with adenovirus-mediated sequences deleted and encodes -galactosidase and fulldirect gene delivery. However, as observed in direct gene length dystrophin. Subsequently, these transduced myotransfer studies, the ex vivo approach also triggers a cellublasts were injected into dystrophic mdx muscle, where the lar immune response which limits the duration of transinjected cells restored dystrophin, as well as dystrophingene expression.
SUMMARYTo control the epizootic of avian tuberculosis within the collections of captive wildfowl of The Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust an efficacious vaccine and a reliable diagnostic test are required.A number of potential diagnostic tests were compared for sensitivity and specificity using a flock of 178 feral barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis) at The Wildfowl and Wetland Trust's centre at Slimbridge, Gloucestershire. Evaluations were made of: serodiagnosis by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); agglutination of a suspension of killed Mycobacterium avium using both whole blood and serum; and haematological analysis.Necropsy findings confirmed the ELISA to be sensitive and specific, and capable of detecting the disease even at an early stage. The agglutination tests were quick and easy to perform although a number of false positives and negatives did occur. The haematological analysis was found to be less sensitive. ELISA and agglutination tests are now being used to screen the birds in the collections.
Muscle can be used for systemic delivery of non-muscle onstrate that the implantation of transfected myoblasts proteins. In order to investigate the relative effectiveness stably expressing the human ␣1AT cDNA generates a of direct DNA plasmid injection versus implantation of genmore persistent production of ␣1AT than does direct intraetically modified myogenic cell lines, we have used the muscular injection of the same construct as plasmid DNA. human alpha 1 anti-trypsin (␣1AT) cDNA driven by either Moreover, immunohistological labelling of muscle sections cytomegalovirus (CMV) or the muscle creatine kinase implanted with myoblasts show that the newly formed 3.3 kb (MCK) promoter in immunodeficient mice. We demmuscle fibres are those containing the human protein.
This chapter examines a recent suggestion by the Senate Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs in its Report on the Effectiveness of the Commonwealth Sex Discrimination Act 1984 in Eliminating Discrimination and Promoting Gender Equality that it might be timely to consider redrafting Commonwealth discrimination laws so that-unlike the current situation, where there are separate acts for each of the various forms of discrimination (for example, sex, race, age, disability)-there is instead one piece of legislation: an Equality Act. Does this proposal have any potential to enhance women's equality in Australia? Might it more readily address problems of intersectionality-the fact that women have a race, a sexuality-a multiplicity of identities that operates differently at different times and in different contexts? Would such an approach encourage a move beyond the complaints-based focus of traditional discrimination laws? We conclude by raising questions about the processes by, and the fora within, which these issues have been debated. 1 We are indebted to the Australian Research Council for supporting our research on law reform processes, 'Changing Law/s, Changing Communities'. Thanks also to Laura Barnett who worked with us on this project, and also to Beth Goldblatt..
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.