Multilayer coatings [ TiCN / TiNbCN ] n were fabricated with periods of bilayers 1, 50 and 200 deposited on substrates of austenitic steels type fermanal, using R.F. reactive magnetron sputtering with a radio frequency source (13.56 MHz) and two TiC and Nb targets. The multilayers were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The tribo – electrochemical behavior simulating hostile body environment was evaluated by testing tribocorrosion ( combination of wear and corrosion in aqueous environment ) which were carried out with a Gamry PCI 4 equipment to which adapted a pin on disk tribometer, the tests were made immersed in Hanks solution (Hanks balanced salt solution). A cell comprising a platinum counter-electrode, an Ag/AgCl reference electrode and the and a working electrode ( austenitic steels) at a temperature of 37 ± 0.2 ° C. the evaluation tests were performed using electrochemical techniques of Tafel polarization curves. Regarding the results, the hard coating [ TiCN / TiNbCN ] n improved polarization resistance and lower coefficient of friction than that reported for the substrate is provided , which indicates a good resistance to corrosion and wear.
ResumenEn esta investigación se realizó el diseño, la construcción, implementación y las pruebas de un vehículo alimentado por energía solar, que contiene un sistema de almacenamiento de energía para la alimentación de dos motores para producir el movimiento de una estructura por un tiempo determinado, teniendo en cuenta la incidencia de la luz solar y la carga y descarga de la batería que será el suministro de energía para la estructura. Inicialmente se hizo el diseño del componente eléctrico del vehículo teniendo como parámetros prioritarios: el voltaje, corriente, tiempo de carga y descarga de la batería, dependiendo de la carga colocada a los motores y muchos otros factores que pueden incidir en el funcionamiento del vehículo, teniendo presente la construcción del componente mecánico, las dimensiones y peso adecuado para el buen funcionamiento del vehículo. Por ultimo, se realizó la implementación y pruebas de este carro, determinando su efectividad y los tiempos de funcionamiento.Palabras clave: energía solar, almacenamiento de energía, sistema fotovoltaico. AbstractIn this work we performed the design, construction, implementation and testing of a solar-powered vehicle, which contains an energy storage system capable of supplying the energy to two engines to produce movement of a structure for a given time, taking into account the incidence of 1 Artículo de investigación, resultado del proyecto PIC 1142, del grupo de investigación GAV, programa de ingeniería mecatrónica, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada Bogotá, Colombia.
The materials used in the orthopedic surgery present changes in their characteristics due to the human body has an influence by means of the reactions among the implant and the tissue; caused by corrosive phenomena mainly where the material interacts with a biological fluid, and wear processes owing to the fictional forces that must withstand. When corrosive and wear processes occur simultaneously, is produced an acceleration of both processes due to its synergy, which increases the risk that the patient presents health complications and / or catastrophic failure of the implant. [1-3] As a result, it was obained equipment that performs wear and corrosion test simultaneously, which has a sample holder coupled to a lever arm, that rotates on its pivot controlling the applied load on the sample when comes into contact with the abrasive ball. The ball is fixed among two coaxial supported on bearings, where one of them is driven by DC motor with an encoder with the purpose of ensuring the velocity and number of revolutions of the test. To simulated biological conditions, it was adapted a potentiostat which has an electrochemical cell composed by: the reference electrode -RE (Ag/AgCl), the auxiliary electrode-AE (Platinum wire) and the sample-WE. The electrodes are immersed in Hank’s solution which acts as electrolyte and fluid simulated biological fluid. In the figure 2 is obtained the Tafel polarization curves in function of the bilayer number [TiCN / TiNbCN]n. The curves are strongly dependent on the number of bilayers, which indicates the influence of the interfaces present in a multilayer. The films show higher electrochemical potential in comparison with the substrate without coating which confirms the protective effect of the coatings. This behavior is characteristic of the multilayer structures; in consequence of the increase of the bilayer number, the number of pores, the density and the number of interfaces also increases for all the thickness of the system. It leads to the required energy to move the Cl- ions through the interface of coating/substrate with liberty is higher, therefore the ions that get to the substrate are less due to the direction change which experience the Cl- ions when they find a new interface. In general, the tests allowed to determine the decrease in mass loss of the material as a consequence of the synergistic effect of the micro-abrasion wear and the corrosion in a simulated a biological environment. Additionally, it was observed a protection due to the protector layer generated by the interaction among the coating and the simulated biological fluid. References [1] J.B. Park, Biomaterials Science and Engineering. New York: Plenum Press. 1984. Pp. 213-185. [2] J.Breme, R. Thull and C.J.Kirkpatrick. Metallic Bio-material Interfaces. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2007. [3] S. Fukazaki. H. Urano and K. Nagata. Adsorption of Protein Onto Stainless-Steel Surfaces, Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, vol1, pp. 6–11, 1995.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.