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The crystallization of CaCO, under compressed Langmuir monolayers of stearic acid [CH,(CH,), &O,H], octadecylamine [CH,(CH,), ,NH,], octadecanol [CH3(CH,), ,OH] and cholesterol (C,,H,,OH) has been studied over a range of supersaturation conditions by optical and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. At total[Ca] = 9 mmol drn-,, negatively charged stearate monolayers induced the oriented nucleation of calcite. The crystals were of two related morphological types, one of which was formed through t h e physical realignment of t h e oriented crystals at the organic surface during growth. Reducing t h e total [Ca] to 4.5 mmol drn-,, resulted in oriented vaterite nucleation on the stearate monolayers. Vaterite was the major product on positively charged

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