This study clearly demonstrates that smooth pursuit is already present in the first week of life. We found no significant increase in velocity, gain and duration of smooth pursuit segments in the first 16 weeks of life with our recording technique. However, the total pursuit time, reflecting attention, increased with age. The ocular machinery to drive pursuit appears to be in place at birth and seems not to be influenced by increased attention in the first months of life.
The paper addresses the problems raised by the application of the photo-oculographic technique to the quantification of static orientations of the eye in ophthalmology. Eye orientations are determined from the relative positions of corneal reflex and pupil images. The relationship between the positions of these images and the angular rotations of the eye is studied with an optical model of the anterior chamber of the eye. This model is used to analyse the influence of technical and physiological variables and to evaluate the accuracy of different calibration procedures applicable to clinics.
This preliminary study evaluates the suitability of a gaze controlled communication system for severely handicapped patients. The system drives a computer by movements of the patient's pupils. The capacity to communicate by producing text on a screen was assessed in 30 patients, 22 traumatic tetraplegics and 8 patients whose handicaps were due to other causes. The rate at which they learned to use the system, and the speed of their word processing were measured. Those tetraplegics who had used other communication systems found the gaze controlled system tiring, and its lack of other peripherals limiting. But its true application seems to be as the sole available interface for the most severely handicapped who can neither move nor speak. Peripherals and improved calibration systems are presently being developed.
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