We have analyzed solar-like oscillations in ∼1700 stars observed by the Kepler Mission, spanning from the main-sequence to the red clump. Using evolutionary models, we test asteroseismic scaling relations for the frequency of maximum power (ν max ), the large frequency separation (∆ν) and oscillation amplitudes. We show that the difference of the ∆ν-ν max relation for unevolved and evolved stars can be explained by different distributions in effective temperature and stellar mass, in agreement with what is expected from scaling relations. For oscillation amplitudes, we show that neither (L/M ) s scaling nor the revised scaling relation by Kjeldsen & Bedding (2011) is accurate for red-giant stars, and demonstrate that a revised scaling relation with a separate luminosity-mass dependence can be used to calculate amplitudes from the main-sequence to red-giants to a precision of ∼25%. The residuals show an offset particularly for unevolved stars, suggesting that an additional physical dependency is necessary to fully reproduce the observed amplitudes. We investigate correlations between amplitudes and stellar activity, and find evidence that the effect of amplitude suppression is most pronounced for subgiant stars. Finally, we test the location of the cool edge of the instability strip in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram using solar-like oscillations and find the detections in the hottest stars compatible with a domain of hybrid stochastically excited and opacity driven pulsation.
A total of 388 men undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hypertrophy during 1988 entered a prospective cohort study designed to examine the outcome of surgery during postoperative year 1. Self-administered questionnaires were completed preoperatively, and at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The surgeons completed 1 questionnaire shortly after surgery and another questionnaire 3, 6 or 12 months later. The mortality rate during the 12 months of followup was 2.8% (11 deaths). The surgeons reported perioperative complications in 14% of the patients and immediate postoperative complications, excluding urinary tract infections, in 17%. During the first 3 months postoperatively 38% of the patients reported incontinence and 25% had a urinary tract infection. Between 6 and 12 months postoperatively only 12% of the patients were troubled by either condition. The postoperative prevalence of impotence (24%) did not alter during followup and was similar to that reported preoperatively (22%). Of the patients 74% reported feeling better and 78% experienced a decrease in the overall level of symptoms postoperatively. The improvement in symptom levels was greatest in those with the most severe preoperative symptoms, and obstructive symptoms were alleviated slightly more than irritative symptoms.
We report the discovery and initial characterisation of Qatar-1b, a hot
Jupiter orbiting a metal-rich K dwarf star, the first planet discovered by the
Alsubai Project exoplanet transit survey. We describe the strategy used to
select candidate transiting planets from photometry generated by the Alsubai
Project instrument. We examine the rate of astrophysical and other false
positives found during the spectroscopic reconnaissance of the initial batch of
candidates. A simultaneous fit to the follow-up radial velocities and
photometry of Qatar-1b yield a planetary mass of 1.09+/-0.08 Mjup and a radius
of 1.16+/-0.05 Rjup. The orbital period and separation are 1.420033 days and
0.0234 AU for an orbit assumed to be circular. The stellar density, effective
temperature and rotation rate indicate an age greater than 4 Gyr for the
system.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Societ
25 patients with interstitial cystitis were treated by prolonged bladder distension. 16 patients are symptom-free, but 5 of these have had 1 or more previous prolonged bladder distensions. 6 patients are improved, whilst 3 remain symptomatically unchanged. Prolonged bladder distension can be repeated successfully when symptoms return. These results suggest that prolonged bladder distension has a place in the treatment of interstitial cystitis.
As part of a prospective cohort study of 388 men undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for benign prostatic hypertrophy, pre-operative factors and the outcome of surgery during the first post-operative year were compared between patients in whom their surgeon felt the principal reason for operating was chronic retention (37%), acute retention (with no chronic retention) (28%), or symptomatic prostatism (with no history of chronic or acute retention) (35%). Although in many respects the patients in the 3 diagnostic categories were similar, patients with chronic retention were more likely to be younger, of higher social class and to have worse general health. Patients with acute retention were more likely to present with a urinary tract infection and to have electrocardiographic abnormalities, and symptomatic patients presented with more severe urinary symptoms. Minor differences between the categories with regard to post-operative morbidity and mortality were not statistically significant at the 5% level. However, some significant differences did exist. Patients with acute retention were more likely to experience urinary and non-urinary infections and impotence after surgery, while symptomatic patients reported less improvement in their health status as regards pain and social isolation. These results suggest that the method of categorisation is clinically valid and a necessary distinction to make when auditing TURP.
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