A selection of the available literature on warm mix asphalt and half-warm mix asphalt were reviewed in order to ascertain whether some or all of the currently available technologies have a potential use on the UK Highways Agency's network. The review looked at the various categories of the technology, the differences required in site practices, the performance of the resulting asphalt and the environmental and economic advantages of their use. However, because there is considerably more literature than that included in this study, the findings can only be tentative. Construction Materials Literature review of lower temperature asphalt systems Nicholls and James
Thin asphalt surfacing systems have been laid in the UK for ten years. Therefore, it has become possible to examine the typical values for various properties that are achieved with different categories of thin surfacing systems. The categories are defined and the longevity, texture depth, skid resistance and visual, together with limited data for some other properties, are reviewed.
Proprietary thin asphalt surfacing systems were first introduced into the United Kingdom in 1991. The need to recycle thin surfacing systems is more critical than with many other generic surfacing materials because of the quantity of relatively scarce aggregates with high skid-resistance properties within the layer. Laboratory investigations and site trials have been successfully undertaken. The trials were on the access to an asphalt plant and on two heavily trafficked sites on the Highways Agency road network, and included the use of polymer modified binders (PMBs) and up to 30 % reclaimed asphalt (RA) in the mixed asphalt. The trials demonstrate that 10 % RA can be easily added to new materials without affecting grading. As the proportion of RA increases up to 30 %, greater care needs to be taken on assessing grading compatibility and how to treat the residual binder present in the RA as a proportion of the "active" binder content in the recycled surface course layer.
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