A theoretical analysis is presented of the low frequency aero-acoustic behavior of closed side branches along a gas transport pipe. The theory predicts the hydrodynamic conditions for moderate and strong pulsations. A model is proposed which predicts the order of magnitude of the power generated by the aero-acoustic source. The theoretical analysis leads to the design of spoilers which reduce the pulsation level by 30 to 40 dB. The results obtained by theoretical analysis and model experiments (Reynolds number 106) have been confirmed in full scale tests (Reynolds number 108).
The method of matched asymptotic expansions is used to determine a low-frequency approximation of the acoustic pressure in a waveguide system with a T joint. The low-frequency approximation is compared with (a) experimental data of Lippert [Acustica 4, 313–319 (1954)]; (b) new experimental data; and (c) the first approximation of the mode expansion proposed by Miles [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 17, 259–272 (1946)].
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