International audienceWe present a real-time algorithm for simultaneous localization and local mapping (local SLAM) with detection and tracking of moving objects (DATMO) in dynamic outdoor environments from a moving vehicle equipped with a laser scanner, short-range radars and odometry. To correct the vehicle odometry we introduce a new fast implementation of incremental scan matching method that can work reliably in dynamic outdoor environments. After obtaining a good vehicle localization, the map surrounding of the vehicle is updated incrementally and moving objects are detected without a priori knowledge of the targets. Detected moving objects are finally tracked by a Multiple Hypothesis Tracker (MHT) coupled with an adaptive Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) filter. The experimental results on datasets collected from different scenarios such as: urban streets, country roads and highways demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm
To reach a given goal, a mobile robot first computes a motion plan (ie a sequence of actions that will take it to its goal), and then executes it. Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) have been successfully used to solve these two problems. Their main advantage is that they provide a theoretical framework to deal with the uncertainties related to the robot's motor and perceptive actions during both planning and execution stages. This paper describes a MDP-based planning method that uses a hierarchic representation of the robot's state space (based on a quadtree decomposition of the environment). Besides, the actions used better integrate the kinematic constraints of a wheeled mobile robot. These two features yield a motion planner more efficient and better suited to plan robust motion strategies. a Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique. b Lab. Graphisme, Vision et Robotique.
To address perception problems we must be able to track dynamics targets of the environment. An important issue of tracking is filtering problem in which estimates of the target's state are computed while observations are progressively received. This paper presents an adaptive Interacting Multiple Models (IMM) based filtering method. Interacting Multiple Models have been successfully applied to many applications as they allow, using several filters in parallel, to deal with the uncertainty on motion model, a critical component of filtering. Indeed targets can rapidly change their motion over a lapse of time. This is the case of pedestrians for which it is difficult to define an unique motion model which matches all their possible displacements.
Nevertheless, the Transition Probability Matrix (TPM) which models the interaction between different filters in an IMM is in currently defined a priori or needs an important amount of tuning to be used efficiently.In this paper, we put forward a method which automatically adapts online the TPM. The TPM adaptation using on-line data significantly improves the effectiveness of IMM filtering and so better target estimates are obtained. To validate our work we applied our method to pedestrian tracking in car parks on a real platform.
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