The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of buprenorphine on drug absorption and gastric emptying in man, using paracetamol absorption as an index of gastric emptying rate. Paracetamol was given to eight healthy volunteers p.o. together with or without a single i.v. dose of buprenorphine 4 micrograms kg-1 body weight. Nausea occurred in five of the subjects, four subjects vomited and one was excluded due to vomiting during the study period. The mean peak serum paracetamol concentration (Cmax) was significantly (P less than 0.0002) lowered by a factor 3 by buprenorphine, the mean time from administration of paracetamol to its peak concentration (Tmax) was significantly (P less than 0.03) prolonged by a factor 6, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 120 min was significantly (P less than 0.00006) reduced by a factor 3. This demonstrates a marked inhibition of the rate of paracetamol absorption, indicating a clinically important reduction of gastric emptying following administration of buprenorphine.
Paracetamol 20 mg kg-1 dissolved in 200 ml of water was given by mouth to seven healthy volunteers, together with a single i.v. dose of diazepam 0.2 mg kg-1 or saline 0.04 ml kg-1. This study demonstrated that the rate of paracetamol absorption was not significantly changed by diazepam, indicating that there was no delay in gastric emptying attributable to diazepam per se.
Background and objectives: The optimal mode of treatment in spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) is controversial. We assessed the value of hematoma evacuation in SICH in a case-control study. Methods: One hundred and forty-five patients with SICH without tumor or vascular abnormalities. Indication for surgery were made upon admission in 11 and after clinical deterioration in 13 patients. Assessed were age, sex. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), pupillary reaction on admission, localisation, etiology and hematoma volume, presence of ventricular blood, and Glasgow Outcome Scale on discharge. From further analysis patients > 80 years or with hematoma volume < 10 ml were excluded. Statistical analysis included: (i) a multiple regression model to determine prognostic factors; (ii) comparison between medical and surgical patients; (iii) matching the 24 evacuated with 24 medical patients according to those parameters retained from the regression model and additionally to other suspected factors influencing outcome; (iv) comparison between both groups to confirm comparability; and (v) testing for different outcome between the groups. Results: Prognostic factors were GCS, hematoma volume and location. All 24 evacuated patients could be matched to a medically treated patient regarding age, hematoma volume and location. GCS and pupillary reaction. Differences between both groups could not be detected. Outcome was not different between the medical and surgical group. Conclusions: Hematoma evacuation does not improve outcome in supratentorial spontaneous hemorrhages. Since mainly deteriorating patients were evacuated, the only effect of hematoma evacuation may be to stop deterioration rather than to improve overall outcome. P002 Is 'brain swelling' a clinical particular kind of severe brain injury?
The rate of liquid-phase gastric emptying was determined in seven smokers from the rate of paracetamol absorption after abstaining overnight from cigarettes, and again after smoking two cigarettes within 30 min. There were no significant differences between the maximum paracetamol concentration, the time to reach maximum paracetamol concentration, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 120 min on the two occasions, indicating that abstaining from cigarette smoking had no major effect on gastric emptying in habitual smokers.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.