Pressure sores are ischemic damage to soft tissues resulting from unrelieved pressure, usually over a bony prominence. In both acute and chronic circumstances, a careful, structured multidisciplinary strategy is required from initial diagnosis to resolution. Mechanical issues, such as the relief of pressure, adequate surgical debridement, and flap coverage, are of little value if educational, nutritional, social, and resource-based issues are not in place. The authors discuss a range of topics, including etiology, physiology, classification, operative options, and strategies to prevent recurrence.
Forequarter (interscapulothoracic) amputation is a major ablative surgical procedure that was originally described to manage traumatic injuries of the upper extremity. Currently, it is most commonly used in the treatment of malignant tumours of the arm. With the advent of limb-sparing techniques, primary forequarter amputation is performed less frequently, but remains a powerful surgical option in managing malignant tumours of the upper extremity; therefore, surgeons should be familiar with this procedure. A classic case report of forequarter amputation, with emphasis on indications and surgical techniques, is presented.
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