It is concluded that accumulation of NO(3)(-) in place of organic molecules in stems is an important mechanism allowing I. glandulifera to achieve substantial height at low irradiance.
Data on pH in free space, cytoplasm, chloroplasts and vacuoles in leaf tissue are used to calculate the distribution of abscisic acid (ABA) amongst these compartments, assuming that the intervening membranes are permeable to undissociated ABA only. Data on the permeability of membranes to ABA are used to calculate the time constant for equilibration between the free space and the other components. It is concluded that changes in pH in the chloroplast stroma due to irradiance, or other factors, will change the amount of ABA available to the guard cells via the free space, and that the time constant is similar to that for light-induced stomatal movement. The possibility that such changes play a role in modulating stomatal aperture is discussed.
The role of Na+ in glutamate transport was studied in Escherichia coli B, strain 29-78, which possesses a very high activity of glutamate transport (L. Frank and I. Hopkins, J. Bacteriol., 1969). Energy-depleted cells were exposed to radioactive glutamate in the presence of a sodium gradient, a membrane potential, or both. One hundredto 200-fold accumulation of the amino acid was attained in the presence of both electrical and chemical driving forces for the sodium ion. Somewhat lower accumulation values were obtained when either chemical or electrical driving forces were applied separately. A chemical driving force was produced by the addition of external Na+ to Na+-free cells. A membrane potential was established by a diffusion potential either of H+ in the presence of carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone or of SCN-. These results support the hypothesis of a Na+-glutamate cotransport. Na+driven glutamate transport was also observed in wild-type E. coli B but not in a strain of K-12.
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