We report systematic low temperature measurements of the DC magnetization, AC susceptibility, and heat capacity of dysprosium pyrogermanate (Dy 2 Ge 2 O 7 ) single crystal and powder samples. Our results confirm that Dy 2 Ge 2 O 7 is an anisotropic antiferromagnet. The isothermal field dependent magnetization and the integrated magnetic entropy both indicate that the Dy 3+ ions behave as Ising-like spins, analogous to those in the pyrochlore spin ice materials. Both single-spin and collective spin relaxation phenomena appear to lead to spin freezing in this material, again in analogy to observations in the spin ice materials, suggesting that such phenomena may be generic to a broader class of magnetic materials.
We report the anisotropic magnetic properties of Ho 2 Ge 2 O 7 determined from dc and ac magnetization, specific heat and powder neutron diffraction experiments. The magnetic lanthanide sublattice, seen in our refinement of the tetragonal pyrogermanate crystal structure, is a right-handed spiral of edge-sharing and corner-sharing triangles; the local Ho-O coordination indicates that the crystal field is anisotropic. Susceptibility and magnetization data indeed show that the magnetism is highly anisotropic, and the magnetic structure has the Ho moments
We report the anisotropic magnetic phase diagrams for Mn 3 V 2 O 8 , in which S =5/2 Mn 2+ is found in the kagome-staircase lattice, based on magnetization and specific heat data. At low applied fields, the system first orders magnetically below T m1 Ϸ 21 K and then shows a second transition at T m2 Ϸ 15 K. In addition, a phase transition that is apparent in specific heat but not seen in magnetization is found for all field orientations, converging toward T m2 as H → 0. The magnetic behavior is highly anisotropic, and the H-T phase diagrams are quite rich, with seven distinct phases observed.
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