Nelssen, Jim L.; and Dritz, Steven S. (2012) "Effects of corn particle size, complete diet grinding, and diet form on finishing pig growth performance, caloric efficiency, carcass characteristics, and economics," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 0: Iss Abstract AbstractA total of 855 pigs (PIC TR4 Ã-Fast Genetics York Ã-PIC Line 02), initially 56.54 lb BW) were used in a 111-d trial to evaluate the effects of corn particle size, complete diet grinding, and diet form (meal or pellet) on finishing pig growth performance, caloric efficiency, carcass characteristics, and economics. Pens of pigs were balanced by initial BW and randomly allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 9 replications per treatment. The same corn-soybean mealâ€"based diets containing 30% dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) and 20% wheat middlings (midds) were used for all treatments. Diets were fed in four phases. Different processing techniques were used to create the 5 dietary treatments: (1) roller grinding the corn to approximately 650 μ with the diet fed in meal form; (2) hammer-mill grinding the corn to approximately 320 μ with the diet fed in meal form; (3) Treatment 2 but pelleted; (4) corn initially roller-mill ground to approximately 650 μ, then the complete mixed diet reground through a hammer mill to approximately 360 μ with the diet fed in meal form; and (5) Treatment 4 but pelleted. Overall (d 0 to 111), reducing corn particle size from approximately 650 to 320 μ improved (P < 0.03) F/G, caloric efficiency, feed cost per lb of gain, and income over feed cost (IOFC). Grinding the complete diet decreased ADG, ADFI, and final weight when the diet was fed in meal form, but increased performance when fed in pelleted form resulting in diet form Ã-portion ground interactions (P < 0.02). Pelleting the diet improved (P < 0.001) ADG, F/G, caloric efficiency on an ME and NE basis, final weight, carcass weight, and IOFC.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 2012
Four experiments were conducted to examine effects of dietary wheat middlings (midds), corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), and NE formulation on nursery pig performance and caloric efficiency. In Exp. 1, 180 nursery pigs (11.86 ± 0.02 kg BW and 39 d of age) were fed 1 of 5 diets for 21 d, with 6 pigs per pen and 6 replications per treatment. Diets were corn-soybean meal based and included 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20% wheat midds. Increasing wheat midds decreased (linear; P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI. Caloric efficiency improved (linear; P < 0.05) on both an ME (NRC, 1998) and NE (Sauvant et al., 2004) basis as dietary wheat midds increased. In Exp. 2, 210 pigs (6.85 ± 0.01 kg BW and 26 d of age) were fed 1 of 5 diets for 35 d, with 7 pigs per pen and 6 replications per treatment. Diets were corn-soybean meal based and contained 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20% wheat midds. Increasing wheat midds did not affect overall ADG or ADFI but decreased (quadratic; P < 0.013) G:F at 20%. Caloric efficiency for both ME and NE improved (quadratic; P < 0.05) as dietary wheat midds increased. In Exp. 3, 180 pigs (12.18 ± 0.4 kg BW and 39 d of age) were fed 1 of 6 experimental diets arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with main effects of DDGS (0 or 20%) and wheat midds (0, 10, or 20%) for 21 d, with 6 pigs per pen and 5 replications per treatment. No DDGS × wheat midds interactions were observed, and DDGS did not influence ADG, ADFI, or G:F, but increasing dietary wheat midds decreased (linear; P < 0.05) ADG, G:F, and final BW. In Exp. 4, 210 pigs (6.87 kg BW and 26 d of age) were allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments, with 7 pigs per pen and 6 replications per treatment. Wheat middlings (0, 10, or 20%) were added to the first 3 diets without balancing for energy. In diets 4 and 5, soybean oil was added (1.4 and 2.8%) to 10 and 20% wheat midds diets to balance to the same NE as the positive control (0% wheat midds). Overall, no wheat midds × fat interactions occurred. Regardless of formulated energy value, caloric efficiency and G:F were poorer (P < 0.05) on an ME basis as wheat midds increased from 10 to 20% of the diet but did not change when calculated on an NE basis. Results of these experiments indicate that wheat midds may be fed up to 10 to 15% of the diet without negatively affecting nursery pig performance and with no interactive effects when fed in combination with DDGS. Also, formulating on an NE basis provided for similar performance with increasing dietary wheat midds compared with a corn-soybean meal control diet.
A total of 2,100 pigs (PIC 327 × 1050, initially 68.8 lb) were used in a 118-d trial to determine the effects of pellet feeding regimens on finishing pig growth performance, stomach morphology, and carcass characteristics. Pens of pigs were balanced by initial BW and randomly allotted to 1 of 6 dietary treatments (14 pens/treatment with 25 pigs/pen). Pens were sorted by gender allowing for 7 barrow and 7 gilt pens/treatment. The same corn-soybean meal-based diets containing 15% dried distillers grains with solubles were used for all treatments and fed in 5 phases. The 6 treatments included a meal or pelleted diet fed from d 0 to 118, a meal diet fed from d 0 to 70 and then pellets from d 70 to 118, a pelleted diet fed from d 0 to 70 and then meal from d 70 to 118, or pellets and meal rotated every two weeks starting with meal or pellets. On d 110, 4 pigs from each pen were harvested with the stomachs collected and a combined ulcer and keratinization score determined for each pig.Overall, there were no differences (P > 0.956) for ADG across feeding regimens. Pigs fed meal throughout had the greatest (P < 0.05) ADFI, while pigs fed pellets throughout had the lowest (P < 0.05), with all other treatments intermediate (P < 0.05). Pigs fed pelleted diets throughout had the most improved (P < 0.05) F/G, while pigs fed meal throughout had the worst F/G (P <0.05), with all other treatments intermediate (P <0.05). When pelleted diets were fed for the last 48 d, or for the entire trial, the incidence of ulceration and keratinization increased (P <0.05), while pigs fed meal for the last 48 d had lower incidence (P <0.05), with all other treatments intermediate (P <0.05). Feeding pellets throughout increased (P < 0.05) the number of pigs removed per pen compared to all other treatments. Removals were determined by an onsite farm manager as animals unable to remain in the general population due to health or welfare problems. There were no differences (P > 0.10) for any carcass characteristics measured.For economics, feeding a meal diet throughout the experiment increased (P < 0.05) feed cost/lb gain compared to all other treatments. There were no significant differences (P > 0.10) for IOFC; however, numerical differences showed that rotating between a pellet and a meal diet improved IOFC by $1 to $2 above feeding a meal diet throughout the finishing period.In conclusion, feeding pelleted diets improved F/G but increased stomach ulceration and removals; however, rotating pellets and meal diets provided an intermediate F/G response without increasing in stomach ulceration and subsequent removals compared to only feeding pelleted diets.In conclusion, feeding pelleted diets improved F/G but increased stomach ulceration and removals; however, rotating pellets and meal diets provided an intermediate F/G response without increasing in stomach ulceration and subsequent removals compared to only feeding pelleted diets.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.