No abstract

Nonlinear optical effects have been widely explored for three-dimensional image acquisition. Second-and third-harmonic generation, two-photon absorption, two-photon induced fluorescence, among others nonlinear effects, were used for this purpose. Recently we developed a new simple and sensitive method for measuring nonlinear ellipse rotation (NER) using a phase-sensitive method, and now we could successfully applied it for image acquisition. NER is a type of Kerr nonlinearity similar to the refractive self-focusing effect which was never been used for microscopy.