The objectives of this work were to a) determine vermicompost effect on bulbification dynamics in terms of garlic (Allium sativum L.) bulb dry weight and sucrose metabolism and b) evaluate the impact of vermicompost on garlic bulb yield and quality. The treatments were soil (control) and 1 soil: 1 vermicompost (by volume). The use of vermicompost as a substrate caused early bulbing (18 to 20 days) and lengthened bulb filling period. Bulb filling period corresponded to an increase in the total soluble carbohydrates and a later modification in nonstructural carbohydrate distribution patterns regarding fructan (scorodose) metabolism. The vermicompost treatment increased scorodose accumulation, which was directly related to the harvest index, resulting in greater yield and bulb quality. Bulb quality was not modified in terms of bulb pungency and soluble solids content by the use of vermicompost.
El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar el vigor a baja temperatura de semillas de girasol con diferente proporción de los ácidos oleico/linoleico, a través de la evaluación del crecimiento de plántulas (pesos secos aéreo y radicular y indice raíz/aéreo) y el tiempo medio de germinación. La proporción oleico/ linoleico de las semillas no se relacionó con el tiempo medio de germinación ni con las variables de crecimiento medidas, ni a temperatura óptima ni a baja temperatura. Los pesos secos aéreo y radicular fueron mayores, en general, en el grupo Alto Linoleico. Sin embargo la variación dentro de cada grupo no permitió asociar la respuesta a la baja temperatura con la composición acídica de los cultivares. Dichas variables se relacionaron con el peso seco de las semillas. Se evidenció respuesta diferencial a la bajas temperatura de las porciones aérea y radicular, con la consiguiente modificación del indice raíz aéreo, variable que tampoco mostró asociación con la composición acídica de los cultivares.
The effects of an acute dose of gamma-rays (10 Gy) to post-dormant garlic cloves on inner sprout growth and changes in peroxidases and soluble proteins were evaluated up to 100 days of storage in darkness at 19 +/- 1 degree C and 42 +/- 2% relative humidity. Radiation-induced inhibition of sprout growth became evident after 25 days of treatment and was synchronous with a marked increase in peroxidase activity. Thin-layer isoelectric focusing revealed that radiation induced an increase in the number of anodic peroxidase isoenzymes at 100 days, suggesting modifications in the vascularization process. Neither the soluble protein content nor the protein pattern were affected by irradiation. These results are discussed in terms of a possible mediating effect of peroxidase on radiation-induced sprout inhibition in garlic.
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