The new fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks dramatically improve the speed of message transmissions. Most existing authentication schemes that secure 5G communication rely heavily on the vehicle’s tamper-proof device (TPD) and roadside units (RSUs) to store the system’s master key. However, it only takes a single compromised TPD to render the whole system insecure. We propose a password-guessing attack-aware authentication scheme based on the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) to secure inter-vehicle communication on 5G-enabled vehicular networks to address this issue. The trusted authorities (TAs) in the proposed scheme generate and broadcast new group keys to the vehicles assisted by CRT. Moreover, since the system’s master key does not need to be preloaded, the proposed scheme only requires realistic TPDs. The proposed scheme overcomes password-guessing attacks and guarantees top-level security for entire 5G-enabled vehicular networks. The security analysis indicates that the proposed scheme is secure against adaptive chosen-message attacks under the random oracle model and meets the security requirements of a 5G-enabled vehicular network. Since cryptographic operations based on elliptic curve cryptography are employed, the performance evaluation shows that the proposed scheme outperforms the eight existing schemes in terms of computation and communication costs.
The security and privacy issues in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are often addressed with schemes based on either public key infrastructure, group signature, or identity. However, none of these schemes appropriately address the efficient verification of multiple VANET messages in high-density traffic areas. Attackers could obtain sensitive information kept in a tamper-proof device (TPD) by using a side-channel attack. In this paper, we propose an identity-based conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme that supports a batch verification process for the simultaneous verification of multiple messages by each node. Furthermore, to thwart side-channel attacks, vehicle information in the TPD is periodically and frequently updated. Finally, since the proposed scheme does not utilize the bilinear pairing operation or the Map-To-Point hash function, its performance outperforms other schemes, making it viable for large-scale VANETs deployment.
Communications between nodes in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are inherently vulnerable to security attacks, which may mean disruption to the system. Therefore, the security and privacy issues in VANETs are entitled to be the most important. To address these issues, the existing Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication (CPPA) schemes based on either public key infrastructure, group signature, or identity have been proposed. However, an attacker could impersonate an authenticated node in these schemes for broadcasting fake messages. Besides, none of these schemes have satisfactorily addressed the performance efficiency related to signing and verifying safety traffic-related messages. For resisting impersonation attacks and achieving better performance efficiency, a Secure and Efficient Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication (SE-CPPA) scheme is proposed in this paper. The proposed SE-CPPA scheme is based on the cryptographic hash function and bilinear pair cryptography for the signing and verifying of messages. Through security analysis and comparison, the proposed SE-CPPA scheme can accomplish security goals in terms of formal and informal analysis. More precisely, to resist impersonation attacks, the true identity of the vehicle stored in the tamper-proof device (TPD) is frequently updated, having a short period of validity. Since the MapToPoint hash function and a large number of cryptography operations are not employed, simulation results show that the proposed SE-CPPA scheme outperforms the existing schemes in terms of computation and communication costs. Finally, the proposed SE-CPPA scheme reduces the computation costs of signing the message and verifying the message by 99.95% and 35.93%, respectively. Meanwhile, the proposed SE-CPPA scheme reduces the communication costs of the message size by 27.3%.
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