Starches used in food industry are extracted from roots, tubers and cereals. Seeds of jackfruit are abundant and contain high amounts of starch. They are discarded during the fruit processing or consumption and can be an alternative source of starch. The starch was extract from the jackfruit seeds and characterised to chemical, morphological and functional properties. Soft and hard jackfruit seeds showed starch content of 92.8% and 94.5%, respectively. Starch granules showed round and bell shape and some irregular cuts on their surface with type-A crystallinity pattern, similar to cereals starches. The swelling power and solubility of jackfruit starch increased with increasing temperature, showing opaque pastes. The soft seeds starch showed initial and final gelatinisation temperature of 36°C and 56°C, respectively; while hard seeds starch presented initial gelatinisation at 40°C and final at 61°C. These results suggest that the Brazilian jackfruit seeds starches could be used in food products.

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Avocado seeds are discarded as by-products during pulp consumption or processing despite their high starch content. This study aimed to characterize the chemical, morphological, and functional properties of the native and acetylated starches extracted from avocado seeds. The granules of native avocado seed starch exhibited an oval shape and A-type crystallinity pattern, while the acetylated form obtained with 0.07 degree of substitution (DS) yielded granules with a rounded bell shape and C-type pattern. The solubility and swelling power (SP) of the native and acetylated forms of avocado seed starch increased with increasing temperature; however, at 55°C and 65°C the acetylated form exhibited a higher solubility index (SI). The acetylated avocado seed starch showed reduced breakdown and synergy during freezing, as well as greater oil absorption, compared to the native form. These results showed that acetylation improved the functional properties of avocado seed starch, thereby increasing its potential for use in food products. ARTICLE HISTORY

O objetivo deste trabalho foi obter informações a respeito das propriedades do amido da semente de abacate cv. "Manteiga" e submetê-lo à modifi cação química por cross-linking, visando obter características reológicas aplicáveis à elaboração de produtos alimentícios. O amido nativo extraído das sementes apresentou teor de amido de 74,47 % e rendimento para o processo de extração utilizado de 11,36 %. O grau de substituição (GS) do amido nativo por cross-linking foi de 0,006. Os grânulos de amido nativo e modifi cado apresentaram formato oval e circular, cujas dimensões variaram de 26 a 26,34 μm para o diâmetro menor e de 35,75 a 36,85 μm para o diâmetro maior. Verifi cou-se padrão de cristalinidade do tipo C, mostrado por difratometria de raios X. O amido modifi cado por cross-linking apresentava melhores caracteristicas reológicas que os grânulos do amido nativo, podendo ser aplicado em alimentos para bebês, semi-prontos para serem levados ao forno de microondas, produtos esterilizados, doces e alimentos congelados. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: AMIDO; MODIFICAÇÃO QUÍMICA; CARACTERÍSTICAS REOLÓGICAS; SEMENTE DE ABACATE.

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