Pain during positioning in patients with fracture femur results in improper position and makes subarachnoid block difficult. The aim of our study was to evaluate femoral nerve block and intravenous fentanyl for positioning the patient for subarachnoid block. Material and Methods: This open labelled prospective, clinical study was carried out in 60 patients aged 18-70 years of either sex, of ASAPS/ EASAPS-I, II and III, posted for fracture femur surgery under subarachnoid block and likely to have pain while positioning and who understand VAS score. Patients with contraindications to subarachnoid block, allergy to study drugs, history of drug or alcohol abuse, patient with multiple fractures and unable to understand VAS score were excluded from the study. Patients were assigned into two groups alternately in Group FNB (femoral nerve block was given) and Group FENT (intravenous Fentanyl 1µg/kg was given) for positioning before subarachnoid block. Assessment of pain was done using VAS score before and after positioning, time taken to achieve position, quality of position, patient acceptance and additional doses of fentanyl requirement during positioning. Patients were also observed for sedation score, pulse rate, NIBP and oxygen saturation. Results: VAS score 10 minutes after giving analgesia and during positioning was less in group FNB (1.97±0.56) as compared to group FENT (2.87±0.35), which was statistically very highly significant (P < 0.0001). None of the patient required additional dose in either group. Conclusion: FNB provides adequate analgesia, hence satisfactory positioning for sub arachnoid block with stable hemodynamics as compared to intravenous fentanyl.
Around six o’clock on the evening of September 22, 1943, John F. Noxon Jr., a prominent attorney in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, and a “crippled” polio survivor, telephoned his family’s pediatrician to come at once. His six-month-old son, Lawrence, who had Down syndrome, had apparently entangled himself in wires and had received a terrible electrical shock. When the doctor arrived, he found the dead “mongoloid” baby dressed in a wet diaper, lying on a silver platter. A few days later authorities arrested “crippled” Noxon for the murder of “mongoloid” Lawrence. For the next five years, the citizens of Massachusetts and the nation followed in their newspapers the trials, verdict, death sentence, appeals, pardon, and parole of this “mercy killing.” The Noxon murder trials of 1944 highlighted the interconnections of disabilities, masculinity, and “mercy killing” in World War II North America.
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