All the data observed corroborate with previous studies; the IO does not present a large difference in the Chilean population evaluated compared to pre-vious studies carried out in other populations. (Folia Morphol 2018; 77, 2: 272-278).
RESUMEN: Las calcificaciones de tejidos blandos en la región máxilo-facial son poco frecuentes, sin embargo, pueden representar hallazgos radiográficos en radiografías dentales de rutina, tales como Radiografías Panorámicas y Radiografías Cefalométricas Laterales. Estas calcificaciones se presentan como radiopacidades principalmente en la zona del ángulo mandibular, las que muchas veces pueden presentar dificultades en cuanto a su identificación y diagnóstico. Las calcificaciones pueden ser distróficas, idiopáticas o metastásicas, siendo estás últimas extremadamente infrecuentes en la región oral. Las calcificaciones mayormente descritas en la literatura son calcificaciones de arteria carótida, sialolitos, calcificaciones de los nodos linfáticos, tonsilolitos y flebolitos. La literatura disponible, sin embargo, es limitada en cuanto a cantidad y al valor de la evidencia; la mayoría de los estudios encontrados corresponden a reporte de casos. La siguiente revisión bibliográfica tiene como objetivo recolectar la información científica disponible con respecto a las calcificaciones distróficas y calcificaciones idiopáticas observables en ángulo mandibular, abordando los aspectos clínico e imagenológico.
The object of this study was to analyse the morphology and morphometry of the mandibular canal (MC) course and the mental foramen (MF) position in relation to the inferior teeth by panoramic X-ray (PAN). Vertical linear measurements were taken of each hemimandible to obtain the length of the distances analysed. We studied the MF position in relation to inferior premolar roots and the relation between the MC and mandibular teeth roots (MCR). The MF was usually located between the apices of the first and second premolars in younger individuals and immediately below the apex of the inferior second premolar in older individuals. The MC evinced proximity to the third molar, and this relation was not affected by sex or age group. The distances analysed in this study presented a marked difference between gender, with larger values in males than in females. The variations which may occur between individuals and different populations make it essential for dentists and surgeons to plan carefully before procedures involving this region.
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