The issue of residues and industrial effluents represents an unprecedented environmental challenge in terms of recovery, storage, and treatment. This work discusses the perspectives of treating effluents through anaerobic digestion as well as reporting the experience of using an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor as biorefinery annex in a pulp and paper industrial plant to be burned in the boilers. The performance of the reactors has shown to be stable under considerable variations in load and showed a significant potential in terms of biogas production. The reactors UASB treated 3600.00 m3of effluent daily from a production of 150.00 tons. The biogas generation was 234.000 kg/year/mill, equivalent in combustible oil. The results of methane gas generated by the anaerobic system UASB (8846.00 kcal/m3) dislocate the equivalent of 650.0 kg of combustible oil (10000.00 kcal/kg) per day (or 234.000 kg/year). The production of 8846.00 Kcal/m3of energy from biogas can make a run at industrial plant for 2 hours. This substitution can save US$ 128.700 annually (or US$ 550.0 of fuel oil/tons). The companies are invested in the use of the biogas in diesel stationary motors cycle that feed the boilers with water in case of storage electricity.
Abstract-The present work aims to contribute with sustained economic expansion by studying strategies for expanding the energy supply in agribusiness. The characterization of specific energy consumption and energy indicators were performed considering a process of natural evolution, using logistic curves that describe the growth or evolution process. The specific energy consumption in agricultural activities was determined from data on the consumption of energy by machinery and equipments used in agricultural activities, as well as by establishing specific consumption indicators (ratio of energy consumed per unit produced) for each stage of production and by end-use. Two crops (corn and sugarcane) were evaluated. The technology levels reached by the Brazilian agricultural sector reflected on an increased productivity and competitiveness in the international market with improvement of machines and equipments efficiency and operational capacity. In sugarcane culture, for example, the productivity increased up to 50 % from 2000 to 2014. It was also noticed a trend to reduce the use of low-power tractors and to increase the use of medium to high-power tractors, which has also favored the productivity increase. The incorporation of new technologies tends to be more intense in the crops that have an already established market. In Brazil, agricultural productivity in 2014 averaged 73 tonnes of sugarcane per hectare, according to figures from Brazil's Center for Sugarcane Technology (CTC). The percentage increase practically the same for the state of São Paulo, where productivity averaged 83.40 tonnes per hectare. In 1975, the average agricultural productivity was around 45 tons of sugarcane per hectare. In corn culture, according survey released by the National Food Supply Agency (CONAB), the national corn crop, produced in the 2014/15 summer growing season is estimated at 30.64 million tons. It represents a slight decline of 2.6% from the previous period, when the total volume 30.83 million tonnes. Productivity was up 4.7%, soaring from 4,783 kilograms per hectare to 5,009 kilograms per hectare.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.