No abstract

The article aims to introduce to the readers the features of fake news, basing itself on theoretical observation. Another goal is to determine if there are grounds to claim that there is creation, broadcasting and distribution of fake content. Some methods for spotting, detecting, recognizing and neutralizing fake news are presented briefly. The relation between fake news and post-truth are described as well. The article also presents examples of fake news regarding the Coronavirus crisis (COVID-19) selected from media, online media and social networks in Bulgaria. Lastly, the article highlights the arguments used while presenting information regarding the plan to overcome the crisis and the prevention of spreading fake news. Keywords:

The study of the metaphors used by Bulgarian politicians in speeches, debates, presentations, video clips, posters posted on the Internet clearly shows that they are represented well enough in the media environments. The first hypothesis is that the metaphors used by Bulgarian political orators have changed since 1989 during the transition from socialism to democracy and they have been gradually replaced by new metaphors. The second hypothesis is that metaphors have considerably increased their public influence and they have become a feature of contemporary Bulgarian political discourse. We can also point out two new spheres of manifestations of metaphors at verbal and visual levels of political speech. The figurative language of civil messages and appeals includes metaphors which are more expressive.

There is an unbreakable bond between communication and knowledge. The philosophical realm that dwells on the nature of knowledge, known as epistemology, is mostly concerned with the discussion of how we acquire knowledge. Our main task in this article is to survey the contribution of different scientists, schools, research teams, scientific journals, and e-resources in establishing the fields of the academic and pedagogical communication. Our second task is to contrast the features of the two fields in terms of channels, practices, and genres. By academic communication, we define a term that encompasses the discourses conducted between the scientific community members and the lecturer-students interactions, where by pedagogical communication in this article we will refer to the educational interactions between the teachers and students at schools. We are going to delve into exploring the features of academic and pedagogical communication in traditional oral and written academic communication, as well as in virtual environment.

No abstract