Proper design of structural system is the most important task for a structural engineer. Correct assessment of interaction of the building with the subsoil and its significant impact not only on the foundation structure but also on the entire building is very often forgotten. For design of all parts and for the whole structure the ultimate limit state (ULS) and serviceability limit state (SLS) are crucial. Static and dynamic analysis of the building has presently became an inevitable part of the design of difficult structure. In this paper both the changes, which are visible by the variations of the structural system, and the way of the foundation and necessity of knowing the properties of the foundation soil have been presented. Proper design of the interaction between the building and the subsoil is very difficult problem and therefore it is very important for experts to cooperate, mainly for structural engineer and geologist.
This paper deals with the basic simulation of boundary layer in the wind tunnel in STU Bratislava and boundary layer given in the Slovak Technical Standard STN EN 1991-1-4 in Bratislava for category of terrain no. IV. The wind tunnel mainly allows experiments to determine the realistic reproduction of the static and dynamic response of a scale models of the buildings and structures immersed in a turbulent flow which simulates the natural wind in various categories of terrain. We have to deal with similarity criteria of modeling the objects, measuring the pressure and the velocity of flow in the tunnel by using the whole range of devices such as Pitot static probe, Constant Temperature Anemometry, Particle Image Velocimetry etc. all under the control in the program Labview developed by National Instruments .Than we are able to measure the pressure coefficients or any other parameters needed for design of buildings and structures of any shape and size, allowed by tunnel dimensions, placed on a different types of terrain roughness. The most recent research in new BLWT was calibration and simulation of boundary layer in the rear space of the tunnel.
This paper deals with solution of air flowing around the object - atypical cross section. Result is an important parameter of pressure coefficient on the structure, what is necessary for design of buildings and structures in terms of wind load calculations. Wind tunnel measurements of wind flow and wind pressures distribution around part of the circle were performed in BLWT STU in Bratislava for 24 wind directions and different wind speeds. Measurements were performed using pressure scanner DSA 3217 (Scanivalve) and have shown significant differences between peaks of suction due to wind direction. These results were used for comparison with CFD calculations of flow around the section. This comparison of known pressure coefficient for atypical shape of cross section is the first step for testing other shapes, which are not described in Eurocode.
This paper is concerned with wind influence on pedestrians in different buildings underpasses where with using of Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) is made study about proportion of buildings and underpasses affecting velocity and so pedestrian comfort in passage. For simulation of wind flow is used OpenFOAM software with k-epsilon model, which is in many papers represents as one of the best and most reasonable model for evaluation pedestrian comfort.
In this article are described the results from testing profile of atmospheric boundary layer in BLWT (Boundary layer wind tunnel) in Florence (Prato), Italy with emphasis on comparison of the results with simulations in CFD (Computational fluid dynamics) software OpenFoam. The values are compared with calculated values from EuroCode.
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