From the initial feedstock to the final product, the manufacture of forged parts is a highly complex process in which a large number of technological factors play their role. These factors are associated with temperature and the amount and rate of deformation. Developing a manufacturing route often involves major effort being put into finding optimum production parameters with respect to boundary conditions which mainly comprise customer requirements and financial aspects. In order to determine an optimum set-up for forging production or to introduce a new technology, a number of essential steps must be taken and sometimes repeated. In this context, material-technological modelling is a promising and effective tool which enables numerous optimization phases to be carried out in a laboratory environment without disrupting the operation of production lines in forge shops. The present paper describes material-technological modelling of production of a closed-die forged part of microalloyed steel involving the use of controlled cooling. The objective of this investigation was to define the processing window for microstructure evolution, depending on the forging temperature, the amount of deformation, and the rate of cooling from the finishing temperature.
All sectors of industry experience high demand for shaped products with as good mechanical properties as possible at low costs. Automotive industry, in addition, requires that the parts are of lightweight construction. Consequently, new types of materials and processes have to be combined to design new production chains capable to meet this demand. For instance, there are high-strength low-alloyed steels, whose final properties are attained by advanced heat treating techniques. One of such techniques is the Q&P process which can deliver excellent ultimate strengths exceeding 2000 MPa at a sufficient elongation level of 10 %. When combined with an unconventional forming method, it allows complex-shaped parts with outstanding mechanical properties to be made. One example of such combined procedure is the sequence of internal high pressure forming, hot stamping and Q&P processing. In the present study, thin-walled hollow stock was processed using such a combined procedure. After stepwise optimization of processing parameters, products with martensitic structure and a small amount of bainite were obtained. In all locations of the product which were tested, the ultimate strength exceeded 1950 MPa and elongation reached 15 %
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