Th is work provides a summary of the typical fl oral structure of subtribe Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae), in which both style and stamens are declinate within or near the concave anterior corolla lobe. Cross-pollination is facilitated by protandry, acting in conjunction with the explosive release of the stamens and pollen. In contrast, we report that in the three species of the genus Eplingiella we found individuals with either resupinate or non-resupinate fl owers, which represents a novel fl oral dimorphism. In these species of Eplingiella, the style occupies a position towards the posterior corolla lip and opposes the declinate stamens. Th us, in non-resupinate fl owers the pollinating bee receives pollen on its ventral side and makes contact with the style on its dorsal side, whereas in resupinate fl owers, the bee receives pollen on its dorsal side, and contacts the style on its ventral side. Both fl oral morphs seem to be required to achieve cross-pollination. In the two populations studied, each of the two morphs is present and in similar proportions, providing a novel means of promoting cross-pollination and reducing selfi ng. Th e situation in Eplingiella is compared to some other examples of fl oral polymorphism, but appears to be a unique pollination strategy, here termed Resupinate Dimorphy.

The taxonomic treatment of Aristolochiaceae from the state of Bahia, Brazil, is presented here. We recognize 20 species of Aristolochia, the only genus of the family represented in Brazil. Aristolochia melastoma is reported for the first time in Bahia and A. brunneomaculata was recognized as new from this study. Descriptions, an identification key, illustrations, general comments and geographic distribution maps of species in Bahia are presented.

-We describe and illustrate Aristolochia brunneomaculata, a new species from the Atlantic Forest in Bahia state, Brazil, a region known for its high number of endemic and threatened species, such as the one described here. The new species is known only from a small population in a disturbed area, near a major industrial complex. Additional key words: conservation, taxonomy.Resumo (Aristolochia brunneomaculata, uma espécie nova e ameaçada de Aristolochiaceae da Mata Atlântica na Bahia, Brasil) -Neste trabalho, descrevemos e ilustramos Aristolochia brunneomaculata, uma nova espécie da Mata Atlântica do estado da Bahia, Brasil, uma região conhecida pelo grande número de espécies endêmicas e ameaçadas, como a descrita aqui. A nova espécie é conhecida somente por uma pequena população, em uma área antropizada, próxima a um grande polo industrial. Palavras-chave adicionais: conservação, taxonomia.

Resumo É apresentado o tratamento florístico das espécies de Aristolochiaceae que ocorrem associadas às cangas da Serra dos Carajás, no estado do Pará, Brasil. Um gênero e três espécies foram registradas: Aristolochia mossii de distribuição amazônica e periamazônica, A. rugosa de distribuição no Cerrado e na Amazônia e Aristolochia aff. disticha ainda com identificação incerta. São incluídas chave de identificação, descrições, ilustrações, fotografias em campo e comentários sobre as espécies.