Over the years, different techniques have been proposed to detect bottleneck bandwidth and available bandwidth of an end-to-end path. However, to the author's knowledge, no work has been conducted on detecting which link or node on the path could be the narrow link. In this paper, we present a novel technique based on packet pairs dispersion analysis, whose objective is twofold: first, it allows to estimate the narrow link capacity using a new approach which takes into account both inter-packet time and packet propagation delay. Its second objective is to induce the specific hop in the end-to-end path which represents the narrow link. This is achieved by injecting packets trains with intermediate TTL-expiring packets which decrease the train rate when they cross the narrow link (red-shift effect). We validate our approach in simulations showing the tool robustness in very complex scenarios.
We present a control module for software edge routers called Receive Window Modulation-RWM. Its main objective is to mitigate what we define as self-induced congestion: the result of traffic emission patterns at the source that cause buffering and packet losses in any of the intermediate routers along the path between the connection's endpoints. The controller modifies the receiver's TCP advertised window to match the computed bandwidth-delay product, based on the connection round-trip time estimation and the bandwidth locally available at the edge router. The implemented controller does not need any endpoint modification, allowing it to be deployed in corporate edge routers, increasing visibility and control capabilities. This scheme, when used in real-world experiments with loss-based congestion control algorithms such as CUBIC, is shown to optimize access link utilization and per-connection goodput, and to reduce latency variability and packet losses.
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