Colorectal carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. In the course of colorectal carcinogenesis, in addition to uncontrolled cell proliferation and accelerated angiogenesis, alterations occur in the structure and/or quantity of epithelial mucins, so the aim of our study was to investigate the histochemical expression of mucins in relation to the clinical characteristics of colorectal carcinoma.The biopsy material of 75 patients operated from colorectal carcinoma, which was routinely processed and molded into paraffin, was used for the examination. On 3-4 μm thick cuts, routine H&E and histochemical AB-PAS pH 2.5 and HID-AB methods were applied. For the statistical analysis, the statistical software package SPSS (version 13) was used.Mucin alterations occur in colorectal carcinoma and manifest themselves as a trace to moderate secretions of neutral or fucomucins, moderate to hypersecretions of sialomucins and trace to complete secretions of sulfomucins. The fucomucin and sialomucin secretion is associated with a strong, significant and positive coefficient of correlation with the Astler-Coller classification of the tumor stages, with metastases in the lymph nodes and with distant metastases. Unlike fucomucins, sialomucins are associated with a strong, positive, significant coefficient of correlation with the pathological stage of the tumor. Sulfomucins are associated with the significant, but negative coefficients of correlation with the tumor pathological stage, tumor stages according to the Astler-Coller classification, and metastases in the lymph nodes. The secretions of fucomucins and sialomucins are in a good and significant mutual relationship, only the secretion of sulfomucins is in a negative correlation in comparison to the other mucins.Histochemical expression of mucins may be a useful prognostic indicator of the progression of colorectal carcinoma.
Kadmijum (Cd) je mekan srebtrnasto-beli metal, jedan od 126 prioritetnih zagađivača, a svrstan je i u grupu humanih karcinogena I kategorije.Cilj rada je mikromorfološko i funkcionalno ispitivanje endokrinog pankreasa pacova hronično tretiranih kadmijumom. Za istraživanje su korišćeni beli Wistar pacovi ženskog pola, starosti 35-37 dana, težine 120-140 g.Ukupno je bilo 22 životinje koje su podeljene na kontrolnu (n=11) i eksperimentalnu grupu (n=11). Eksperimentalna grupa je svakodnevno tretirana sa 15mg/kg CdCl2 rastvorenog u pijaćoj vodi. Kontrolna grupa nije bila podvrgnuta nikakvom tretmanu. Svi pacovi su čuvani u kontrolisanim laboratorijskim uslovima. Posle tri meseca, sve životinje su žrtvovane. Tkivo pankreasa je rutinski obrađeno i kalupljeno u parafi n. Na 4μm presecima su primenjene HE i imunohistohemijska ABC metoda sa antitelima na: chromogranin A, insulin,glucagon,somatostatin, pankreasni polipeptid, i peptid YY. U životinja eksperimentalne grupe su nađene guste, hiperplastične B ćelije koje zaposedaju skoro čitavu površinu insule. Prisutna je i hiperplazija A ćelija sa izraženom funkcionalnom aktivnošću. Osim po obodu hiperplastičnih insula, pojedinačne A ćelije se nalaze i u acinusima u kojima je njihova aktivnost znatno povećana. Zapažen je povećan mitotski indeks i odsustvo citoplazmatskih produžetka D ćelija. Izražena je hiperplazija PP ćelija, sa znacima kako morfološkog tako i funkcionalnog polimorfi zma. Prisustvo PP ćelija je evidentirano i u hiperplastičnom i displastičnom epitelu većih duktusa. Samo u životinja eksperimentalne grupe smo našli ćelije koje sekretuju peptid YY. Ove ćelije imaju identičnu topografi ju kao i A ćelije, ali je njihov broj znatno manji. Hronično izlaganje kadmijumu remeti strukturu i funkciju endokrinog pankreasa.Sve pankreasne endokrine ćelije su pogođene.
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