Globalization is changing the way we look at the world and affecting the healthcare sector. There is a need to implement intercultural competence among healthcare workers. The postulation of intercultural medicine was created due to the influence of cultural barriers to effective healthcare. In order to avoid cultural stereotypes due to the decisive role of human factors in management of health care institutions, it is necessary to be well acquainted with the intercultural human resource management. Population migration and globalization leads to the need for education in order to understand the influence of cultural factors on effective health care. The concept of cultural competence in health care encompasses strategies, responsible management and employee behavior and as such provides the basis for effective functioning in an intercultural environment.
Culture has a significant impact on shaping people's attitudes about health, well-being and their perception of health care. Health cultural competence is the ability to function effectively as an individual or organization in the context of the cultural beliefs, practices and needs of patients and communities. Cultural and linguistic competences are a set of behaviours', attitudes and policies that enable effective work in intercultural environments. Culturally diverse patients have poorer access to health services and face different barriers. The cultural competence of health professionals includes awareness, knowledge and cultural skills to reduce these barriers. The paper presents three models of the development of culturally competent health care, Campinha-Bacote, Milton Bennett and Darla Deardorff. Models are being improved in line with new research and knowledge. It is proposed that the management of health institutions consider aspects of cultural self-awareness, intercultural communication skills and analysis of socio-cultural barriers in health care. Education and training of health professionals towards achieving a balance between intercultural knowledge and communication skills is the best approach in the development of cultural competencies.
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