With its high content of carbohydrates and low percentage of lignin, corn fiber represents a renewable feedstock that can be processed to produce biofuels. Through a combination of pretreatment by lime and enzymatic hydrolysis, total reducing sugars of 700 mg/g corn fiber were released. This amount is equivalent to 92.7% of theoretically available sugars in corn fiber. The resulting hydrolysate itself did not support any growth of Cryptococcus curvatus. But with addition of minerals, C. curvatus grew to a cell density of 6.6 g/L in 6 days. Using the adapted cells, rapid sugar consumption and cell growth were observed. This study demonstrated that it is feasible to produce microbial lipids from corn fiber through pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation. In addition, C. curvatus is an excellent candidate for this application since it can utilize all major sugars, glucose, xylose, and arabinose with yield of cells and lipids as 0.55 and 0.27 g/g sugars, respectively.
Hoy disponemos de un amplio rango de tecnologías para usarse en el esfuerzo de restaurar y mantener la integridad química, física y biológica del agua; sin embargo dichos sistemas requieren: el uso de equipos que consumen energía, productos químicos que generan nuevas contaminaciones a través de sus lodos, y ocupación de mano de obra semi-calificada para su operación. Todo esto hace que se trate de sistemas costosos en cuanto a su operación y dependientes de costos variables que encarecen progresivamente el tratamiento. Los pantanos secos construidos o artificiales (PSA) son sistemas de humedales sustentables ambientalmente que funcionan por gravedad, utilizan materiales de construcción duraderos y de bajo costo además de ser modulares y adaptables a cualquier relieve, no despiden malos olores ni constituyen una nueva fuente de contaminación al ser sub-superficiales y sin espejo de agua, trabajan por medio de bacterias endógenas y permiten un tratamiento con iguales o mayores estándares de calidad del efluente.
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