OBJETIVO: Analisar a distribuição dos acidentes de trabalho com exposição a material biológico das fichas de notificação registradas no Centro de Referência de Saúde do Trabalhador de Londrina, traçando um perfil dos profissionais acidentados. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado através de um levantamento nas 253 fichas de notificação de acidentes com material biológico que foram encaminhadas das instituições de saúde da área de abrangência ao Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador do município de Londrina-PR, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2006. Os dados foram processados e tabulados eletronicamente, utilizando-se o programa Epi Info, de domínio público. RESULTADOS: Das 253 fichas de notificação de acidentes com material biológico analisadas, verificou-se que 92,5% foram causados por objetos perfuro-cortantes e 39,5% ocorreram em auxiliares de enfermagem. Constatou-se também que 73,5% eram do sexo feminino, 24,1% ocorreram em Unidades Básicas de Saúde, 74,3% encontravam-se com situação vacinal para Hepatite B atualizada e 49,8% ocorreram na rede pública de saúde. CONCLUSÃO: Com o levantamento do perfil dos profissionais acidentados com exposição a material biológico, o CEREST Londrina identificou que a profissão mais atingida foram os auxiliares de enfermagem, as mulheres, e que grande parte dos acidentes ocorreram nas UBSs com material perfuro-cortante. Mostrou-se que coletores de lixo passaram a fazer parte das profissões envolvidas nos acidentes.
Reliable experimental data do not always conform with customary soil‐water flow theory for truly rigid porous media. The purpose of this study was to derive a mathematical description capable of accommodating such data. A new mathematical solution was obtained for the absorption of water by an unsaturated horizontal column of soil termed semirigid, but which does not swell in the ordinary sense of a change in bulk density. Nonetheless, the semirigid soil does undergo microlevel rearrangement of its particles, envisaged as introducing an auxiliary dependence on time t into the diffusivity D in addition to the usual dependence on the volumetric water content, θ that is, D = D(θ,t). With product‐form separation of variables introduced at two stages of the solution process, there emerges the new variable λ equal to distance x divided by a new time function [Q(t)]1/2. Subject to modest constraint, Q(t) may be selected to best describe the particular soil in question. Choosing [Q(t)]1/2 = tn with exponent n as a positive constant, thus yielding λ = xt‐n instead of the classical Boltzmann form xt−1/2, the new solution was tested experimentally on a set of published data not conforming to customary flow theory for rigid media. The new solution provided a greatly improved description of these data, with exponent n = 0.46362 instead of 1/2 as for rigid media. The diffusivity function is D(θ,t) = 2nE(θ)t2n‐1, where E(θ) is a diffusivity‐like function of θ alone.
Observed deviations from traditional concepts of soil-water movement are considered in terms of fractals. A connection is made between this movement and a Brownian motion, a random and self-affine type of fractal, to account for the soil-water diffusivity function having auxiliary time dependence for unsaturated soils. The position of a given water content is directly proportional to tn, where t is time, and exponent n for distinctly unsaturated soil is less than the traditional 0.50. As water saturation is approached, n approaches 0.50. Macroscopic fractional Brownian motion is associated with n < 0.50, but shifts to regular Brownian motion for n = 0.50.
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