Background Although a high prevalence of head and neck trauma has been reported in maltreated children and adolescents, most of these studies focused on record‐based analyses, and only a few used control groups. Aim To assess the presence of dental trauma in maltreated children in comparison with children without a history of maltreatment. Design A cross‐sectional study with 68 maltreated children and 204 age, sex‐, and school‐matched control participants was conducted in Pelotas, a Southern Brazilian city. Socioeconomic and demographic data were collected. Clinical examinations were performed to evaluate dental trauma (O'Brien Index) and dental caries (WHO criteria). Fisher's exact and chi‐squared tests were used for intergroup comparisons of socioeconomic and clinical variables. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to obtain adjusted odds ratios (OR). Results The prevalence of dental trauma was 23.53% (n = 16) among maltreated children and 14.22% (n = 29) in the comparative group. After adjustment, the occurrence of dental trauma showed association with child maltreatment, with an OR of 2.14 (95% confidence interval 1.03‐4.44) for maltreated children in comparison with children in the comparative group (P = 0.04). Conclusions Maltreated children presented with more dental trauma than those with no history of maltreatment.

This study investigated the effect of human milk, alone and associated with sucrose, in the cariogenicity of biofilms in a microcosm biofilm model and compared with the cariogenicity of sucrose and bovine milk. Microcosm biofilms were grown in enamel discs in 24-well plates. Six growth conditions were studied: DMM (chemically defined artificial saliva-negative control), DMM with 1% of sucrose (DMM+s) (positive control), human milk with DMM, human milk with DMM+s, bovine milk with DMM, and bovine milk with DMM+s. After 5 days, the outcome variables surface hardness change (%SHC), microbiological composition of biofilms, and pH of supernatant were analyzed. All groups had significantly lower hardness loss compared to the DMM group with 1% of sucrose. Human and bovine milk associated with sucrose showed higher hardness loss. The supernatant pH values after 6 hours of different treatments were similar for the groups sucrose and human milk associated with sucrose (p>0.05). After 18 hours at rest in pure DMM, an increase in the pH of the supernatant was observed. Higher values of total microorganisms count were found for sucrose and bovine milk groups compared to the group supplemented only by DMM. Bovine milk group showed greater amount of total aciduric microorganisms in comparison to human milk group. Within the limits of this study, it can be infered that both human and cow milks have some cariogenic potential, although differing from sucrose in terms of mineral loss.

Providing a simple and short-term educational intervention to students with disabilities had a positive impact on their oral health.

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Objetivo: relatar um caso clínico de uma criança diag­nosticada com Hipomineralização Molar-Incisivo (HMI) severa, apresentando a proposta terapêutica e o acom­panhamento. Relato de caso: uma paciente do sexo fe­minino, com 6 anos de idade, foi levada a um serviço odontológico com queixa principal de “dor no dente de baixo (lado direito)”. No exame clínico, foram consta­tadas opacidades demarcadas no esmalte dentário, de coloração variando de branco a tons de marrom, carac­terísticas de hipomineralização, nas superfícies vestibu­lares dos dentes 12, 11, 21, 32, 31 e 41 e nas oclusais do 16 e 26, sem perda de estrutura dentária. Nos dentes 36 e 46, observaram-se, além das opacidades demarca­das, fraturas de esmalte pós-eruptivas associadas com lesões ativas de cárie em dentina. Clinicamente e ra­diograficamente, não havia sinais de comprometimen­to da saúde pulpar. A criança foi então diagnosticada com HMI. O tratamento consistiu em restauração direta em resina composta dos elementos 36 e 46. Após 16 meses, observou-se que não houve perda de material restaurador em ambas as restaurações. A criança não relatou sensibilidade dentinária e nem sintomatologia dolorosa. Considerações finais: o tratamento proposto para o caso mostrou-se satisfatório durante o período avaliado, pois recuperou a funcionalidade dos dentes afetados pela HMI e não houve mais eventos de sensi­bilidade e dor.