The main reason for creating a generalized assembly of the main bones of the lower human member is to create the premises of realizing a biomechanic assisted study which could be used for the study of the high range of varieties of pathologies that exist at this level. Starting from 3D CAD models of the main bones of the lower human member, which were realized in previous researches, in this study a generalized assembly system was developed, system in which are highlighted both the situation of an healthy subject and the situation of the situation of a subject affected by axial deviations. In order to achieve these purpose reference systems were created, systems that are in accordance with the mechanical axes and the anatomic axes of the lower member, which were later generally assembled in a manner that provides an easy customization option
It is primary object of the present study to create a 3D model of the human ankle and an axis system that will show the position the tibia and the foot on a healthy subject. Regarding this scope of the study, the first step in obtaining the 3D model of the bones is scanning. The graphic modeling software used is Catia V5 R20. It is another object of the present study to create an axis system that will be very easy to maneuver and on which we can show different pathological situations, not only on a healthy subject, creating their assembly reference systems considering the mechanical and anatomical axes existing and creating prerequisites for the study of different possible pathological situations. For this scope, was used a triorthogonal axis system called skeleton that is defined as a system of axes Euler. This means that the angles can change the grid, in the desire to analyze different situations. In this study the focus is on the situation of varus equinus, in which the foot leg is not aligned with the tibia, as it is on a healthy subject. It was realized an important element: the incorporation of geometric and dimensional references. The last object in this study is to determine the status of CAE, in order to study the stress and the strain. Creating the CAD system is very important because it can be used to study the osteoarticular system, treatment strategies and related surgery.
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