Este estudo, de revisão bibliográfica, objetivou tecer considerações teóricas relacionadas ao processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos para transplante no Brasil. A fonte de informação foi composta por publicações relevantes da Associação Brasileira de Transplantes de Órgãos, bem como artigos encontrados em bases de dados latino e americanas, além da legislação vigente. O aumento da taxa de doação depende de um olhar amplo e sistemático acerca das questões técnicas e legais inerentes ao processo de doação. Para o fortalecimento desse processo recomenda-se incorporar a abordagem social e a perspectiva ética, baseadas no entendimento técnico e legal e no respeito ao direito de autonomia dos potenciais doadores e seus familiares. As ações que asseguram um manejo ético-legal pressupõem compromisso com a qualidade e segurança do processo de doação, que deve ser rigorosamente perseguida pelos profissionais nesse contexto.Descritores: Obtenção de Tecidos e Órgãos, Transplante de Órgãos e Tecidos. Donation of organs and tissues for transplantation: theoretical contributionsAbstract: This study, a literature review, aimed to build theoretical considerations associated with the process of organ and tissue donation and transplantation in Brazil. The data of information was composed of relevant publications of the Brazilian Association of Organ Transplant, as well as articles published in Latin American and American databases, in addition to the current legislation. Increasing the donation rate depends on a broad and systematic view about the technical and legal issues related to the donation process. In order to strengthen this process, it is recommended to incorporate the social approach and the ethical perspective, based on the technical and legal understanding and respect for the right of autonomy of potential donors and their families. The actions that ensure ethical-legal management presuppose commitment to the quality and safety of the donation process, which must be rigorously pursued by the professionals in that context.Descriptors: Obtaining Tissues and Organs, Transplantation of Organs and Tissues. Donación de órganos y tejidos para trasplante: contribuciones teóricasResumen: Este estudio, de revision bibliográfica, pretende hacer consideraciones teóricas relacionadas con el proceso de donación de órganos y tejidos para trasplante en Brasil. La fuente de información fue conformada por las publicaciones de la Associación Brasileña de trasplante de Órgano, así como artículos encontrados en bases de datos de latinos y americanos, además de la legislación vigente. El aumento en la tasa de donación depende de una mirada amplia y sistemática sobre los temas técnicos y jurídicos inherentes en el proceso de donación. Para el fortalecimiento de este proceso se recomienda incorporar el enfoque de la perspectiva ética y social, basado en técnicas y jurídicas entendiendo y respetando el derecho de autonomía de posibles donantes y sus familias. Las acciones que aseguren un manejo ético-legal requiere compromiso con la calidad y la seguridad del proceso de donación, que debe ser perseguido con rigor por los profesionales en este contexto.Descriptores: Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos, Trasplante de Órganos y Tejidos.
This bibliographic review study aimed to make theoretical considerations related to the process of organ and tissue donation for transplantation in Brazil. The information source was composed of relevant publications from the Brazilian Association of Organ Transplants, as well as articles found in Latin and American databases, in addition to the current legislation. The increase in the donation rate depends on a broad and systematic look at the technical and legal issues inherent to the donation process. To strengthen this process, it is recommended to incorporate the social approach and the ethical perspective, based on technical and legal understanding and respect for the right of autonomy of potential donors and their families. Actions that ensure ethical-legal management presuppose a commitment to the quality and safety of the donation process, which must be strictly pursued by professionals in this context.
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