There is a recognised need for an automated trajectory planning to guide manned or unmanned aircraft against an agile adversary such as a missile. Evolutionary programming approaches provide an alternative to classical functional optimisation methods with the capability of incorporating multiple optimisation goals and in the same time tolerating aircraft constraints. In this study, an evolutionary flight path planning algorithm capable of mapping aircraft trajectories in three dimensions under several aerodynamics constraints is developed. The task of the trajectory was to guide the aircraft away from interception. The calculations assumes that the aircraft states are accurate. Good trajectories were found under this assumption. But in reality, states are measured in an environment that has uncertainties, such as instrument error, atmospheric disturbances, etc. This paper studies the effect of the presence of errors to the accuracy of the algorithm. Two state variables were studied, i.e. altitude and velocity for both players. From the simulation, the effect of noises and interception radius can influence the sensitivity of the optimiser.

No abstract

Professional certification is required for aircraft maintenance technicians in order to undertake sophisticated maintenance tasks that need a wide set of skills and competencies. Due to the increasing demand for workforce preparedness for Industrial Revolution 4.0, numerous publications stress only a subset of aircraft maintenance skills criteria in their skills assessment curriculum. The purpose of this paper is to review previous research publications on skill and competency evaluation in the aircraft maintenance industry in order to develop a comprehensive set of skill and competency assessment criteria through a systematic review of the literature. It applies the PRISMA approach in selecting and evaluating the included articles. The papers were retrieved from five journal databases using a set of Boolean search terms related. The filtered fifteen articles are systematically reviewed for talent evaluation criteria applicable to the aircraft maintenance work scope in order to deal with the Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0). Certain articles concentrate on a subset of assessment criteria for enhancing and tracking critical skills assessment criteria for the aircraft maintenance workforce, rather than on IR4.0 skill standards specifically. This paper summarizes seven skill criteria gathered in order to develop a comprehensive skill assessment framework for aircraft maintenance workforce.

No abstract

This paper addresses the current scenario of air traffic over Malaysian airspace and its impact on existing routes and capacity. In dealing with the increase of capacity, ICAO has embarked on implementing several new measures that would accommodate more aircrafts and the same time maintaining the highest level of safety. Those measures are outlined in ICAO’s Doc 9574 and 9937. Instead of introducing more routes, which up to one point could reach its maximum saturation point, ICAO has introduced Reduced Vertical Separation Minima (RVSM). RVSM increases the number of aircraft that can be accommodated on the given route. The Malaysian airspace is strategically located in the middle of the Westbound and Eastbound routes over the Asia Pacific region. This is an added advantage for the installation the Height Monitoring Unit for RVSM performance of aircraft. Generally, almost all of the aircraft overflying Malaysian airspace are already at their optimum flight levels. This paper uses the trend for year 2010 and 2011 data provided by the Department of Civil Aviation of Malaysia in the analysis. The paper analyses the current scenario of air traffic safety over Malaysian airspace and identifies suggestions to develop a system that could extract information from ADS-B for height monitoring purposes.

We overview methodologies to optimise an aircraft trajectory in a two-player close air combat scenario. In mathematical terms air combat can be considered as a game. However, due to the highly nonlinear equations of motion involved, the use of classical games theory is difficult to implement in a computer simulation. The search for the saddle point of the game is difficult and therefore an indirect approach is required to search for the best trajectory. At each instance, one player is given the role of evader and the other the pursuer. The evader must find the trajectory that avoids or maximises the time to interception, while the pursuer must find a trajectory that achieves or minimises the time to intercept the evader. An algorithm has been

No abstract

Straits of Melaka and straits of Singapore are one of the most congregated seaways in the world. These seaways are the main connection for the ships travel between western part and eastern part of the world. From statistical record, there were approximately 1500 vessels passing through the straits of Melaka and straits of Singapore daily. Ship to ship collision occurs frequently at these areas due to large amount of ships movement. To assess the risk of ship collision on the Straits of Melaka and Straits of Singapore, an AIS receiver station was setup by local researchers with the fund and support from Ocean and Aerospace Research Institute, Indonesia (OCARI). A computer software is also developed to decode the AIS signal received and to assess the risk profile of the traffic using Pedersen Method (1995). This self-developed decoder and analysis software is built under the assistance and guidance from Centre of Marine Technology and Engineering, Por-tugal (CENTEC). To obtain the risk of collision between ships, the software serves to calculate the number of collision candidates by considering the ship movement pattern, average ships speed in each course, ship course, distance between ships and principle dimensions of the ships which use the Straits of Melaka and straits of Singapore. Due to the complicated traffic flow in this region, this paper only focuses in discuss the expected number of collisions in the period of time for the head-on traffic and crossing traffic. To predict the expected number of collisions in the period of time, value of causation probability obtained from literature are used. Finally, this paper also presented the traffic pattern and expected number of collisions in the period of time on Straits of Melaka and straits of Singapore based on the AIS data received between September 2019 to October 2019.