The mushrooming utilization of electronic devices in
the current
era produces electromagnetic interference (EMI) capable of disabling
commercial and military electronic appliances on a level like never
before. Due to this, the development of advanced materials for effectively
shielding electromagnetic radiation has now become a pressing priority
for the scientific world. This paper reviews the current research
status of polymer nanocomposite-based EMI shielding materials, with
a special focus on those with hybrid fillers and MXenes. A discussion
on the theory of EMI shielding followed by a brief account of the
most popular synthesis methods of EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites
is included in this review. Emphasis is given to unravelling the connection
between microstructures of the composites, their physical properties,
filler type, and EMI shielding efficiency (EMI SE). Along with EMI
shielding efficiency and conductivity, mechanical properties reported
for EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites are also reviewed. An elaborate
discussion on the gap areas in various fields where EMI shielding
materials have potential applications is reported, and future directions
of research are proposed to overcome the existing technological obstacles.
Microwaves play a vital role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases caused by the abnormal mineralization of biological fluids in human body. First hand information regarding the dielectric behavior of these minerals facilitates to detect these crystals. This paper attempts a comparative study of the dielectric properties of urinary crystals grown in vitro by gel technique with natural stones procured from patients who had undergone stone removal surgery. Cavity perturbation technique was employed and measurements were made in the S band.
ABSTRACT:The open-short-load (OSL) method is very simple and widely used for one-port test fixture calibration. In this paper, this method is extended, for the first time, to the two-port calibration of test fixtures with different test ports. The problem of phase uncertainty arising in this application has been solved. The comparison between our results and those obtained with the SOLT method shows that the method established is accurate for practical applications.
The present research measured the total factor productivity (TFP) of productive resources used in homestead poultry broiler farms in Niger State of Nigeria, using a structured questionnaire complemented with an interview schedule to collect cross-sectional data from a drawn sample size of 97 active broiler producers via the multi-stage sampling design. The data analyses were performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings from the study showed evidence of a productive labour force in the enterprise, literate farming population with a sustainable household size typical of African agrarian settings. The enterprise was found to be profitable in the studied area. Furthermore, findings showed that more than half of the sampling population was productive in the utilisation of their input resources, which may be due to technical awareness of the modern poultry management techniques in the studied area. Thereafter, it was observed that gender status, experience, capital source and operational capital were the factors affecting TFP of the farmers. Therefore, the study recommends gender sensitisation and the need for public private partnership synergy to explore the untapped potentials in this sub-sector in the studied area as almost half of the farmers were found not to be productive in the utilisation of their resources.
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