To increase industrial adoption, part qualification and certification of the additive manufacturing (AM) process are crucial through geometric benchmarking as well as optimising the properties and process parameters. However, an extensive research gap remains concerning the geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) of AM parts. This paper presents a review on the state-of-art GD&T benchmarking of powder bed fusion techniques enabling complex geometrical features like lattices. The study found a lack of design guidelines and standardised measurement techniques for lattice features and profiles.
A standard is a published document that describes a technical specification or a list of guidelines in the form of rules, definitions, methods, vocabularies, or codes of practices. Standards provide a unified source of reference for specifying or representing products. Before the industrial revolution, manufacturers from different places used to compare and copy the dimensions and specifications of components to match those of a prototype.
FGM is a special class of composite material that was first developed in Japan around 1984 for the propulsion system and airframe of space planes. The challenge was to create a thermal barrier that would be capable of withstanding a temperature of 1000 °C over a cross-section of 10 mm. A sharp interface between the matrix and the reinforcement in a traditional composite material would cause cracking in high temperatures. The cracks occur due to the generation of interfacial stress induced by the mismatch of thermal expansion between two different materials.
The multidisciplinary nature and lack of comprehensive ‘materials-product-manufacturing’ knowledge of Functionally Graded Additive Manufacturing (FGAM) require training to support the future Additive Manufacturing experts. INEX-ADAM, an EU funded project is building a transnational platform to promote FGAM. Brunel University London conducted two-day workshop on FGAM at the University of Zagreb in Croatia with academics and industry professionals. The workshop will strengthen the research capabilities to harness the potential of the FGAM and mitigate the constraints to industrial applications.
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