Far infrared radiation (FIR) is emitted by every body at a given temperature, including the human body. FIR ranging between 4–14 μm is considered useful for cell growth, and the human body emits a maximum of infrared (IR) radiation at the wavelength of approximately 9.3 µm. In the present study, fabrics based on five different raw textiles having the same yarn count as well as the same weaving patterns were designed and created. Some of them were subjected to a coating process. The fabrics to be tested were as follows: coated with TiO2 nanoparticles, coated with SiO2 nanoparticles, coated fabric that does not contain bioceramic nanoparticle (BNFC), and non-coated fabrics (NCF). The structural characterization of the resulting samples was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), abrasion tests, and air permeability. Following the structural characterization, the infrared emissivity properties were investigated using infrared thermography as well as attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in the 8–14 IR range. According to the experimental findings, the fabrics coated with TiO2 and SiO2 displayed increased infrared emissivity values compared to the uncoated ones. In addition, it was observed that the use of bioceramic powders had no effect on air permeability and abrasion properties.

ÖzetDünyada bitkisel ve hayvansal kaynaklı olmak üzere her yıl 35 milyon ton doğal lif üretilmektedir. Bitkisel kaynaklı doğal lifler pamuk, keten, kenevir, jüt, rami, sisal ve Hindistan cevizi lifi iken, hayvansal kökenliler, yün, ipek, tiftik, kaşmir, Ankara tavşanı yünü, keçi kılı, vikunya v.b. lifleridir. Günümüzde yaklaşık olarak 9 farklı hayvan türünden, ticari amaçlı lif elde edilmektedir.Hammadde kaynaklarının oldukça az olması, spesifik bölgelerde yetişmesi, üretim miktarının az olması, yumuşak, parlak ve şık kumaşlar üretilmeleri nedeniyle; tiftik, kaşmir, angora, alpaka, deve tüyü ve vikunya gibi lifler oldukça pahalıdır ve çok da çekici özelliklere sahiptir. Tüm bu sebeplerden dolayı bu liflere lüks lifler adı verilmektedir. Lüks lifler temelde protein esaslı olmasına rağmen her biri kendi karakteristik özelliklerini gösterir.Bu çalışmada amaçlanan, lüks liflerin fiziksel ve kimyasal olarak ayırt edilme yöntemlerinin incelenmesidir. Bu ayrımı yaparken liflerin morfolojisi, incelik değerleri, sıcak tutma özellikleri, kimyasallara karşı dayanımları gibi karakteristik özellikleri üzerinden değerlendirme yapılmıştır.

Infrared radiation refers to electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength is longer than visible light, but shorter than terahertz and microwave radiation. Far infrared radiation (FIR) denotes radiation that is considered a kind of infrared radiation and includes wavelengths between 5.6-1000 micron. These rays are emitted by sun rays, human body, metals and some minerals. The positive effect of these rays on human health has already been mentioned and they are widely used especially in Far East countries in textile products and saunas. For the textile products to emit such rays, the fibres or fabrics are required to gain some features. For this purpose, bioseramic powder is applied to the fibres and hence the textile becomes able to emit far infrared rays. This study deals with yarns that have acquired the ability to emit far infrared rays and their usage areas in textile. This review examines bioceramic powders, black body, production of FIR emitting yarns, features of yarns, various usage areas and future trends by means of literature review method.